Environmental Pollution Control

(ET ZC362 – WILP Course)

BITS Pilani Lakshmi Sirisha

Department of Chemical Engineering
Hyderabad Campus
Review class
Mid Sem Portions: Upto Chapter 5 in Text Book
- Impact of man on Environment: Biosphere, nutrient cycles,
population growth, energy consumption and demand etc.
- Air pollution: Sources and effects- Definition and scales of
concentration, classification of pollutants, behaviour and fate
of pollutants, Effects of air pollutants
- Air pollutant dispersion- Lapse rates, stability of atmosphere,
dispersion of air pollutants, plume behaviour, wind velocity
and turbulence
- Sampling and measurement- Ambient air sampling-Absorption
and adsorption, Particulate matter collection- sedimentation,
Impingement, ESP, stack sampling, analysis of air pollutants
- Control methods-source correction methods, design concepts
for gravitational settlers, cyclone separators, ESP, filters,
adsorbers and absorbers.

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Collection efficiency for ESP

Fel = Fdrag

C is the Cunningham correction factor

Applying Stokes law and solving for

Mass balance equation,

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

For a cylindrical type collector, Ac/V= 4/Dc
For a parallel plate type collector, Ac/V= 2/S

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

ESP Problem:
An ESP for use with standard air containing dust particles
of 1.0um diameter is in the form of a cylinder 0.3 m
diameter and 2 m long. Volumetric flow rate of air is
0.075m3/sec. If the electric field strength is 1,00,000 V/m
and if the particle charge is 0.3 X 10-15 coulomb,
compute the collection efficiency.

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

 Taking viscosity of air as 1.84 x 10-5 kg/ms

C, Cunningham factor for standard air = 1.168

Substituting all values we get, vpm = 0.202 m/s.

Ac = πDcL = 1.88m2

Ans = 99.37%

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Gaussian Dispersion Model

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Gaussian Dispersion Model

Centre line concentration Distribution of mass in vertical

Distribution of mass in cross-wind dimension (z) at a given
dimension (y) at a given downwind downwind distance, x
distance, x

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Gaussian Dispersion Model

C(x,y,z,H),when emission source is at ground level!

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Gaussian Dispersion Model

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Air pollution dispersion model

A chimney with a design stack of 250m is emitting sulphur

dioxide at a rate of 500 g/s with moderate wind speed (at
a velocity be 2-3 m/s) at a stack altitude. Estimate
concentration of SO2, downwind for following situations.

1. c(1000, 0, 0, 250). Identify the class and use the table,

for calculating the dispersion coefficients.
2. c(1000,50,0,250).
3. c(1000,50,20,250).

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus
Gaussian Dispersion Model

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Ans: 112 ug/m3

Ans: 106 ug/m3

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

For part 3,

Q   y 2    ( z  h ) 2   ( z  h ) 2  
C ( x, y , z )  exp  2  exp   + exp  
2u y z     2
 2
 y  
2 2 z   2 z 

Ans: 113 ug/m3

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

 End

Any Questions?

mail to
sirisha@hyderabad.bits.pilani.ac.in

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus