A.D.

PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

SATELLITE COMMUNICATION

PREPARED BY: URVIK PATEL

EN.ROLL:.150010111033
 SATELLITE COMMUNICATION
 Satellite is a device which rotate around the earth or other
planet in order to collect and delivered information of
different location.
 The use of satellite in communication systems has
become very common now-a-days.
 A communication satellite is a station in space that is
used for telecommunication, radio and television signals.
 The construction and launch cost of a satellite are
extremely high.
 SATELLITE LAUNCHED
 4th October 1957 first Satellite SPUTNIK(Russia).
 1958 first active communication satellite TELSTAR-1.
 1963 first geostationary satellite SYNCOM 2(NASA).
 1965 first commercial geostationary satellite “Early
Bird” 240 duplex telephone channels or 1 TV channel.
 19th April 1975 India’s first satellite launched by
Aryabhatta.
 ROHINI Series launched between 1979 to 1981.
 Stretched Rohini satellite service(SROSS) launched on
24th march 1987.
 GSAT series launched on 18 april 2001.
 HOW DOES SATELLITE WORKS?
 An Earth Station sends
message in GHz range.
(Uplink).
 Satellite Receive and
retransmit signals back.
(Downlink).
 Other Earth Stations receive
message in useful strength
area.
 Main Earth Station is in
Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai,
Mumbai and Shilong.
[4]
 ARYABHATA
 Aryabhata, first unmanned Earth satellite built by India. It was
named for a prominent Indian astronomer and mathematician of
the 5th century CE. The satellite was assembled at Peenya, near
Bangalore, but was launched from within the Soviet Union by a
Russian-made rocket on April 19, 1975. Aryabhata weighed
794 pounds (360 kg) and was instrumented to explore
conditions in Earth’s ionosphere, measure neutrons and
gamma rays from the Sun, and perform investigations in X-ray
astronomy.
 The scientific instruments had to be switched off during the
fifth day in orbit because of a failure in the satellite’s
electrical power system. Useful information, nevertheless, was
collected during the five days of operation.
 BHASKARA
 Bhaskara-I, weighing 444 kg at launch, was launched on 7
June 1979 from Kapustin Yar aboard the Intercosmos launch
vehicle. It was placed in an orbital Perigee and Apogee of
394 km and 399 km at an inclination of 50.7°. The satellite
consisted of-
 Two television cameras operating in visible (600 nanometre)
and near-infrared (800 nanometre) and collected data related
to hydrology, forestry and geology.
 Satellite microwave radiometer (SAMIR) operating at 19 and
22 GHz for study of ocean-state, water vapour, liquid water
content in the atmosphere, etc.
 KALPANA-1
 Originally known as MetSat-1, the satellite was the first
launched by the PSLV-C4 into the Geostationary orbit. On
February 5, 2003 it was renamed to Kalpana-1 by the India
Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in memory of Kalpana
Chawla—a NASAastronaut who perished in the Space Shuttle
Columbia disaster.
 The satellite features a Very High Resolution
scanning Radiometer (VHRR), for three-band images
(visible, infrared, and thermal infrared) with a resolution of 2 x
2 km, and a Data Relay Transponder (DRT) payload to provide
data to weather terrestrial platforms. Its mission is to collect
data in layer of clouds, water vapor, and temperature of
the atmosphere.
 GSAT-6A
 The Indian Space Research Organization successfully
launched the GSAT-6A communications satellite on March
29, 2018, on a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle
rocket, but lost contact with the satellite on March 30.
 Communications ceased after the satellite finished the second
of three planned engine-firings meant to raise its orbital
altitude around Earth.
 "When the satellite was on course to normal operating
configuration for the third and the final firing, scheduled for
April 1, 2018, communication from the satellite was
lost," ISRO officials said in a statement.
 ISRO is trying to re-establish the link. "The Mission Control
is on the job continuously," said ISRO chair Kailasavadivoo
Sivan, who only recently assumed that position,
 Satellite Application
Overview
Services & Applications
Communications GPS/Navigation
Wireless Networks Position location
Messaging Timing
Telephony Land/Sea Rescue
Mobile Satellite phones Mapping
Internet Backbone
VSAT’s
Credit Card Validation Broadband
Tele-Medicine
Tele-Education
Remote Sensing Videoconferencing
Oil pipeline monitoring
Rail Management
Infrastructure Planning Entertainment
Forest Fire Prevention Direct to Consumer
Urban Planning Broadcast and Cable Relay
Flood and Storm DARS
Watches
Air Pollution Support Services
management
Launch Vehicles Ground Equipment Insurance Manufacturing
 INSAT- 3A
BROADCASTING INSAT-3C

 Newsgathering – First choice for live

coverage, providing high-bandwidth
video links from remote locations to
capture “breaking news”.
 Program Delivery – Primary feeds for
network TV and radio broadcasts to
affiliates and cable TV head-ends.
 OCEANSAT-2
Remote Sensing IRS- P4
CARTOSAT- 2,

Provides scientific, industrial, civil, military and individual

users with high- resolution images for:

natural resource monitoring

urban and utility/telecom planning
agricultural assessments insurance and
risk management
oil and gas exploration
mapping
natural disaster/emergency response
national/regional security
 Kalpana-1 , IRS-P3
NAVIGATION IRS-P6

 A military system that is now central to the lives of millions

of civil and commercial users.
 Public safety dispatch – improves response time.
 Search and Rescue – locates emergency call.
 Air Traffic Control – guides planes in all weather.
 Telecommunications – primary timing source,E-911 enabler.
 Transportation – tracks trains, trucks, vital shipments.
 INSAT-4B,
Global INSAT- 4C,
GSAT-5P

ATM Space
Two-way Comm
Broadcast System
Satellites
Satellites
Navigation
Satellites
(GPS, Galileo,
GLONASS)

Network Centric

ATM_213
[7]
 There are many more application of satellite communication
like:
 Flood control
 Distance classroom education
 Planetary science
 Package tracking
 Future of aviation
 Flight voice and data communication
 Search and rescue
 Relief and recovery
 Direct to home