Department of physics

MASTER'S THESIS PROPOSAL

Nano-size Hydroxyapatite Powders Preparation by Wet-Chemical
Precipitation Route

Prepared by Supervised by

Bahroz Kareem Mahmood Assoc. Prof.Dr.Omer Kaygile

181114108

DECEMBER - 2018
1
List of contents
 Introduction…
 Purpose of thesis...
 Literature review…
 Method…
 Work schedule
 References
Introduction
The class of ceramics are used for repair and replacement of diseased and damaged parts  of•
the musculoskeletal system are referred to as bioceramics.
Two alternative ways to replace tissue are transplantation and implantation. The advantages
of bioceramic offer over transplant are availability, reproducibility and reliability.
Bioceramic can be classified into three group which are (bioinert,bioactive and
biodegradable) ceramics.
Hydroxyapatite [(], (HA) which is inorganic bioceramic also known as calcium phosphate
ceramic that being main inorganic composition of natural bone has been extensively
investigated for medical application.
Because it has more stability and have the same stoichiometry Ca/p ratio 1.67 so its
equivalent to bones and teeth stoichiometry.
 many techniques have been developed for synthesis of HA such as
(mechanochemical synthesis, combustion preparation, wet chemical deposition,
electrochemical deposition, sol-gel method, hydrothermal synthesis) and many
more.

 HA can be used in various form of shape including powders, granules, dense and
porous block.

 There is a need to characterize the HA powder depending on desired application.

 Wet chemical precipitation route is the most talented route owing to its ease in
experiment operations, low working temperature, high percentages of pure
products and inexpensive equipment requirement.
Purpose of the thesis
 The aim of this study is to synthesizing nano-size particle of
hydroxyapatite HA powders by varying concentration (low, medium
and high) .

 Analysing the size and density of particles for any concentration.

 Finding the crystallization (Tc) and glass transition(Tg) temperatures

for different concentrations .
Literature review
 Natural hydroxyapatite and bone have similar physical and chemical characteristics
make it biocompatible, Its porous structure resembles native bone.
 The synthetic HAP is widely used in various biomedical applications in the form of
nano powders, films, scaffolds and coatings.
 Some article gives an overview of hydroxyapatite from its preparation and properties
to biomedical applications of its composites. It has all the characteristic features of
biomaterials, in particular, crystallographic similarity with natural bone minerals.
 It has attracted the attention of researchers for the past 30 years as filler and an
implant material because of its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity with human
bone and teeth.
 according to some articles result physicochemical property of any synthesized nano-
particle hydroxyapatite is depend on the method of preparation.
Method
 The starting materials are dissolving in deionized water separately.

 The pH of each aqueous solution is adjusting to desiring point.

METHOD SAMPLE ID CONCENTRTION
 Starting materials will be mixing.
Reflux after mixing HA1 Low
(Sires1,S1)
HA2 Medium

HA3 High

NO reflux after HA1 Low

mixing
(Sires2,S2) HA2 Medium

HA3 High

Exceeding reaction HA1 Low

time
(Series 3,S3) HA2 Medium

HA3 High
 Work schedule Duration
NO WORKING ACTIVITIES (month)

1
Preparation the starting materials and necessaries 1-2
2
Preparing low concentration HA by reflux method , no reflux and 2-4
excessing method
3
Preparing medium concentration HA by reflux method, no reflux 4-6
and excessing method
4
Preparing high concentration HA by reflux method, no reflux and 6- 8
excessing method
5
Calcination process for (low, medium and high) HA 8-9
6
Applying (SEM, TEM, XRD and DTA) on the samples 9-10
7
Writing the thesis 10-12
References
• 5.Zhang, S. and Go salves, K.E. 1997. Preparation and characterization of thermally stable nano
hydroxyapatite. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater.

• 6.Dorozhkin S.V. A detailed history of calcium orthophosphates from 1770s till 1950. Mater. Sci.
Eng. C. 2013; 33:3085–3110. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.04.002. [PubMed] [CrossRef]

• 7.Wang, W. and Yeung, K.W.K. (2017) Bone Grafts and Biomaterials Substitutes for Bone Defect
Repair: A Review. Bioactive Materials, 2, 224-247.

• 8.De Lange, G.L. and Donath, K. (1989) Interface between Bone Tissue and Implants of Solid
Hydroxyapatite or Hydroxyapatite-Coated Titanium Implants. Biomaterials, 10, 121-125.
Thank you