Developing Knowledge

Management dalam Perusahaan

 Types of Knowledge Gap
Knowledge Goal

?????
K does
Gap 2 not yet
exist
Build Competency X

External
Knowledge exists
Gap 1 outside the
company
Internal
Knowledge is
present inside the
company
 Core Process of KM
Knowledge Knowledge
Identification Retention

Knowledge
Utilisation
Knowledge
Acquisition

Knowledge
Knowledge Sharing/
Development Distribution
 Knowledge Development
: Focuses
Pengembangan Skill Baru-
Produk Baru-
Ide ide yang lebih baik-
Proses yang lebih efisien-
Menciptakan kompetensi yang tidak-
ada di perusahaan dan diluar
perusahaan
-R&D Department are no longer able to
develop new competencies by themselves.
-Competent external partners take over
parts of knowledge process

DEVELOPMENT CO-OPERATION
 Kondisi yang Mensupport Inovasi

• Situation that encoura “Thinking and brainstorming

ge innovation should take place in a small,
protected group where it's
okay to fail -- a sandbox, or
a skunk-works”. (IBM)
• Tolerating mistakes

• Freedom

Choosing own area of

interest.
Situation that encourage innovation
 Barrier to innovation
(Knowledge Development)

• Disconnected
development of
Knowledge
• Knowledge leads are now
more difficult to protect.
• Duplication
• Innovation can be planned
only to a limited extend
 Aids to Innovation
(Bantuan untuk berinovasi)
• Planning creativity
• Using Technique for
stimulating creativity
• Employee
Suggestion.
• Problem Solving
• Knowledge through
Action
High-Performance Teams and Their Skills
-condition for team success-

• Complementary skills
(saling melengkapi)
• Meaningful and
realistic goal
• Openness vs
defensive routines
• Intensity of
communication.
 Ideas for developing the basic approaches to
support the development of collective
knowledge
• Think tanks
• Learning at work
• Lessons learned Preserving experience
• Use of Scenarios
Learning from the past
Integration lessons learned into
project process
High-Reliability Organization
• Disclosure of all
mistakes, without
reservation
• Immediate evaluation of
operations or projects
and debriefing of staff
• Participation of the whole
team
• Examination of processes
or standard operating
procedures for any errors.
• Mutual supervision
without loss of trust
 DEVELOPING
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM (KMS)
 The 10 step KM road Map
1. Analisis Infrastruktur yang
Infrastructural ada (slide 9-10)
PHASE 1 Evaluation
2. Mengaitkan KM dengan
Strategi Bisnis (slide13-14)
3. Mendisain KM Arsitektur
KM System 4. Mengaudit Aset dan
Analysis, Knowledge yang ada
PHASE 2 Design
& 5. Mendisain KM Team
Development 6. Membuat Blueprint KM
7. Pengembangan KMS
8. Prototipe dan Uji Coba
PHASE 3 Deployment 9. Pengelolaan Perubahan,
Budaya dan Reward
Metrics For 10. Evaluasi Kinerja, mengukur
PHASE 4 Performance ROI dan Perbaikan KMS
Evaluation
 KM architecture & Design
(Mendisain Arsitektur KM)
 Memahami komponen komponen
yang dibutuhkan dalam Knowledge
infrastructure
 Mengidentifikasi Internal dan
External Knowledge Source
 Memilih komponen TI untuk
mencari, menciptakan, merangkai
dan mengaplikasikan Knowledge.
 Mengidentifikasi elemen elemen dari
Interface Layer: clients, server,
gateways and the platform
 Memutuskan Collaborative Platform
yang digunakan.
 KM architecture & Design
(Mendisain Arsitektur KM)
 Rule-Based reasoning:
 Mengidentifikasi dan mengenal  IF THEN rules
komponen Collaborative intelligence  Penyelesaian masalah secara
berurutan
layer: AI, data warehouses, neural
 Langkah-langkah solusi jelas
networks, expert reasoning systems,  Case-Based reasoning:
rule-based and case-based  Menggunakan solusi
sebelumnya
reasoning  Adaptasi solusi untuk
 keadaan saat ini
Menyeimbangkan biaya dan value-
 Kemiripan kasus (similarity)
added untuk tiap komponen yang
digunakan.
 Menyeimbangkan Mekanisme Pull &
Push pada Knowledge Delivery.
 KM architecture & Design
(Mendisain Arsitektur KM)
• Mengidentifikasi “the right mix”
untuk pencarian, indexing dan
retrieval.
• Menciptakan Knowledge Tag &
atribut: domain, form, type,
product/service, time and
location tag.
• Menciptakan mekanisme
profiling untuk knowledge
delivery.
• Menyesuaikan IT pada SECI
model.
The 7
LAYERS
Of the KMS
Architecture
 Knowledge Audit & Analysis
• Menggunakan “
Bohn’s Stages of Knowledge Growth”
• Mengidentifikasi, mengevaluasi dan
melakukan rate critical proses
knowledge pada skala 8
• Memilih metode audit dari beberapa
kemungkinan pilihan.
• Menyusun suatu “Preliminary
Knowledge Audit Team”.
• Mengaudit dan menganalisa company’s
existing knowledge.
• Mengidentifikasi K-spot.
• Memilih posisi strategis untuk KMS
yang sejalan dengan strategic gaps
yang telah diidentifikasi pada tahapan
sebelumnya (Mengaitkan KM dengan
Strategi Binis)
 Stages of Knowledge
Growth Example: Making Coffee
0. Complete Ignorance • You Don’t know the difference between good and
bad coffee.
• You can tell good from bad coffee
• Pure Art
• You have created a list of variable.(Strength,
• Awareness Bitterness)

• Measure • You Can determine the significane of variables.

(Too bitter bad, Too unbitter bad)
• Control of the Mean
• You can Now measure Variables.
• Process Capability
• Develop a recipe, considered good coffee.
• Process
• You can adapt the recipe in away that
Characterization compensate for different type of coffee.

• Know Why • Good Coffee: 0.56 x weight of coffee+0.12 x

volume of water = 1.414
• Complete
• Perfect coffee is something i have never had. If i
Knowledge ever did have it, i would never know.
Designing the KM team
• Mengidentifikasi key
stakeholders: IT, management
and end user;
• Mengidentifikasi sources of
expertise.
• Mengidentifikasi critical point
of failure. “unmet requirement,
control”.
• Menyeimbangkan Technical
dan Managerial expertise yang
merupakan bagian dari KM
team.
• Memilih Visionary dan
Experienced Project Leader.
 Membuat KMS BluePrint
• A blueprint is a type
of paper-based
reproduction usually
of a technical
drawing, documenting
an architecture or an
engineering design
 Membuat KMS Blueprint
• Meng-customize, detail dari
sevel layers KM arsetiktur.
• Memilih komponen yang
• integrative repositories, content
dibutuhkan: Mendesain sistem centers, knowledge aggregation
untuk the system for high and mining tools, the collaborative
levels of interoperability with platform, knowledge directories,
existing IT investments; the user interface options, push
delivery mechanism and
optimize for performance and integrative elements.
scability.
• Memahami dan menjalankan
repository life cycle
management.
• Memahami dan memasukkan
“keys user interface
consideration”.
• Future proof the KMS
 Key User Interface Considerations
• quickly, effectively and
• Functionality : without frustation.
• Consistent interface
• Consistency:

• Visual Clarity: • all information in one

screen.
• Navigation & Control: • site map

• Relevancy: • display relevant

information
• Feedback: • alerts can be very useful
 Developing the KMS
• Membangun interface
layer
• Membangun akses dan
authentication layer.
Secure data, control
access and distribute
control.
• Membangun collaborative
intelligence filtering
system.
• Membangun Application
layer
 Developing the KMS
• Transport layer dibangun
diatas infrastruktur network
yang tersedia.
• Membangun middleware dan
legacy integration layer, yang
menghubungkan legacy data
dengan new system.
• Mengintegrasi dan menambah
repository layer.