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Gases:
Tons of room!
So a lot of kinetic energy.
Average speed of particles in this container is approximately
1000 mph!
The Kinetic Molecular Theory
Did it bounce?
Not elastic!
Did it bounce?
The energy isn’t wasted, it just changes
Elastic!
direction.
Gas Particles are elastic.
Kinetic Molecular Theory
The hotter the material, the faster the molecules are moving!
Temperature
Temperature
Temperature
Temperature
Slower Faster
Temperature
Absolute temp. is measured in Kelvins (K)
No degree symbol!
To convert:
from °C to K, add 273.
from K to °C, subtract 273.
Temperature
Practice!
Gallium is a metal that can melt in your
hand at 302.93 K. What is the
temperature in °C?
A basket of chicken strips that you order
from Raising Cane’s is 77 °C, what is the
temperature in K?
Standard Temperature
Pressure = force
area
Pressure
Gas
melting
Solid Liquid
freezing
Phases and Phase Changes
Endothermic or exothermic? What’s the
difference?
Exo: exit…goes out.
Endo: in..takes in
Endothermic Endothermic
Exothermic
Exothermic
Triple
Vaporizing
/Boiling
Heating and Cooling Diagrams
What is heat?
How is heat different from temperature?
Heat is a measure of kinetic energy
In chemistry heat is measure in Joules (J)
Heat is dependent on mass, temperature change and specific
heat (or ability of a substance to absorb heat)
Temperature is a measure of warmth or coldness.
Temperature is measured in Kelvin (K) or Celsius (C)
What is the heating curve?
The heating curve is a graph which represents how a
sample changes phases. As heat is added over time, the
sample changes temperature and phase accordingly. Thus
heating curve.
How does the heating curve look?
Sketch this!
What are the parts of the graph?
Liquid Gas
Solid
Melting
Vaporizing
Hf
Q=mHv Q=mCΔT
Q=mCΔT
Q=mHf
Q=mCΔT
Q = mC ΔT
Q=(25g)(2257j/g)
Q = 56425J
It takes 56,425 Joules to convert 25g of water into steam!