Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
INFORMATION SYSTEM
MODULE :- 1
Prepared by:
Prof. Alpesh Ganatra
MODULE – 1
2
WHAT IS A SYSTEM?
Definition:
– Data
– Hardware
– Software
– Communication networks
– People
– Procedures
INFORMATION SYSTEM
ACTIVITIES:
– Input
– Processing
– Output
– Storage
– Feedback
– Control
DATA, INFORMATION & ITS
ATTRIBUTES
• Data
– It is a stream of raw facts representing events occurring in
org. or the physical environment before they have been
organized and arranged into a form that people can
effectively understand and use.
• Information
– It is set of data that has been shaped into a form
that is meaningful and useful to human beings.
INFORMATION :-
It adds to a representation
• Data
– 331 brite dish soap 1.29 lacs
– 863 bl hill coffee 4.69 lacs
• Information
– Item no 331 desc. Brite dish soap units sold 1.29 lacs
– Item no 863 desc. Bl hill coffee units sold 4.69 lacs
CHARACTERISTICS OF
GOOD INFORMATION
• Timeliness
• Appropriateness
• Accuracy
• Conciseness
• Frequency
• Understandability
• Relevant
• Complete
• Current
• Economical
DATA VS INFORMATION
BASIS FOR
DATA INFORMATION
COMPARISON
Support for Decision It can't be used for decision It is widely used for
making making decision making.
It can be structured, tabular Language, ideas, based
Represented in
data, graph, data tree, etc. on the given data
Information is useful
The data collected by the
and valuable as it is
Usefulness researcher, may or may not
readily available to the
be useful.
researcher for use.
Does not depend on Without data, information
Dependency
information. cannot be processed.
Information is the
Data is a single unit and is
product and group of
Feature raw. It alone doesn't have
data which jointly carry
any meaning.
a logical meaning.
Measured in meaningful
Measuring unit Measured in bits and bytes. units like time, quantity,
etc.
DETAILED EXPLANATION
OF DATA VS INFORMATION
22
• Telecommunications Network Technologies
including the telecommunications media, processors,
and software needed to provide wire-based and
wireless access and support for the Internet and
private Internet-based networks
• Input
• Processing
• Core competencies
• Enhance supply chain management
• Quick response
• Time saving
• Cost reduction
• Reduced human resource requirement
• Efficient and effective work
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
FUNCTIONS OF MANAGERS
• P- Planning
• O- Organizing
• S- Staffing
• D- Directing or leading
• Co- Controlling
M.I.S SUPPORT TO
MANAGEMENT
Operational activities
Tactical activities
Strategic activities
OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES
• Characteristics:
– Repetitive in nature
– Predictable nature of information
– Attention to details
– Structured
– Origin of nature is internal in most of cases
– Mostly computerized or with human machine interface
– Accurate
TACTICAL ACTIVITIES:
• Characteristics:
– Periodic in nature
– Comparative in nature
– Internal as well as external sources of information
– Findings of the report may be unexpected
– Reports are not detailed and may be in summary form more
comparative in nature
STRATEGIC ACTIVITIES
• Characteristics:
– Periodic in nature
– Information produced as per requirement rather on an ad
hoc basis
– Internal as well as external data
– Summary form
– Structured as well as unstructured
– Some data may lack accuracy and may be suspect
– Data is subjective in nature
CLASSIFICATION OF
INFORMATION
1. Business decisions:
– Characteristics
• Sequential in nature and not an isolated event
• Complex in nature due to the risk involved
• Personal values play a major role in the decision
• Decisions made in a business environment
– Types of business decisions :
• Programmed decisions
• Non-programmed decisions
• Strategic decisions
• Tactical decisions
• Operational decisions
RATIONAL DECISION
MAKING
Types :
Personal rationality
Objective rationality
Subjective rationality
Conscious rationality
Organizational rationality
PROGRAMMED DECISIONS
PROGRAMMED DECISION