Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
MEDIUM
BY:
AEMAR APOSTOL
ANIELYN UNTALAN
CARLA ANN TONGIO
RENALYN TAMPUS
HR7D
ENSEMBLE MEDIUM
• is a group of people who perform instrumental or vocal
music, typically known by a distinct name. In classical
music, trios or quartets either blend the sounds
of musical instrument families (such as piano,strings,
and wind instruments) or group together instruments
from the same instrument family, such as string
ensembles or wind ensembles. In jazz ensembles, the
instruments typically include wind instruments (one or
more saxophones, trumpets, etc.), one or two chordal
"comping" instruments (electric guitar, piano,
or organ), abass instrument (electric bass guitar
or double bass), and a drummer or percussionist.
In rock ensembles, usually called rock bands, there
are usually guitars and keyboards (piano, electric
piano, Hammond organ, synthesizer, etc.) and a rhythm
section made up of a bass guitar and drum kit.
ENSEMBLE MEDIUM
ORCHESTRA
• is a large instrumental ensemble that
contains sections of string, brass,
woodwind, and percussion instruments.
The term orchestra derives from
the Greek ορχήστρα, the name for the
area in front of an ancient Greek
stage reserved for theGreek chorus. The
orchestra grew by accretion throughout
the 18th and 19th centuries, but
changed very little in composition during
the course of the 20th century.
ORCHESTRA
Symphony Orchestra or
Philharmonic Orchestra
• Its a full-size orchestra (about 100 players).
• these modifiers do not necessarily indicate any
strict difference in either
the instrumental constitution or role of the
orchestra, but can be useful to distinguish
different ensembles based in the same city (for
instance, the London Symphony Orchestra and
the London Philharmonic Orchestra). A symphony
orchestra will usually have over eighty musicians
on its roster, in some cases over a hundred, but
the actual number of musicians employed in a
particular performance may vary according to the
work being played and the size of the venue.
SYMPHONY ORCHESTRA OR
PHILHARMONIC ORCHESTRA
CONCERTO
• (from the Italian: concerto, plural concerti or, often,
the anglicised form concertos) is a musical
compositionusually composed in three parts
or movements, in which (usually) one solo instrument
(for instance, a piano, violin, cello orflute)
is accompanied by an orchestra. The etymology is
uncertain, but the word seems to have originated from
the conjunction of the two Latin
words conserere(meaning to tie, to join, to weave)
and certamen (competition, fight): the idea is that the
two parts in a concerto, the soloist and the orchestra,
alternate episodes of opposition, cooperation, and
independence in the creation of the music flow.
CHAMBER ORCHESTRA
• Is a smaller-sized orchestra for this time period (of
about fifty players or fewer) .
CONCERTO
CHAMBER ORCHESTRA
CONDUCTING
• In orchestra, it is the art of directing
a musical performance by way of
visible gestures. The primary duties
of the conductor are to unify
performers, set the tempo, execute
clear preparations and beats, and to
listen critically and shape the sound
of the ensemble.
Orchestras, choirs, concert
bands and other musical
ensembles often have conductors.
STRING ORCHESTRA
• is an orchestra composed solely or primarily of
instruments from the string family. These
instruments are the violin, the viola, the cello,
the double bass (sometimes considered an
anomaly because of its resemblance to
theviol family), the piano, the harp, and
sometimes percussion. String orchestras can be
of chamber orchestra size ranging from between
12 (4.3.2.2.1 = 12) and 21 musicians (6.5.4.4.2 =
21) sometimes performing without a conductor, or
consist of the entire string section of a large
symphony orchestra which could have 60
musicians (16.14.12.10.8 = 60; Gurre-Liedercalls
for 84: 20.20.16.16.12).
STRING ORCHESTRA
Famous Persons known in
String Orchestra:
• Antonio Stradivari (1644 – 18 December 1737) was
an Italian luthier and a crafter of string instruments such
as violins, cellos,guitars, violas, and harps. Stradivari is generally
considered the most significant and greatest artisan in this field.
The Latinizedform of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the
colloquial, "Strad", is often used to refer to his instruments. It is
estimated that he made 1,000 to 1,100 instruments and that around
650 of these instruments have survivedincluding 450 to 512[violins.
• Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin, OM, KBE (22 April 1916 – 12 March
1999) was an American violinist and conductor who spent most of
his performing career in the United Kingdom. He was born to
Russian Jewish parents in the United States, but became a citizen
of Switzerland in 1970, and of the United Kingdom in 1985. He is
often considered to be one of the greatest violinists of the 20th
century. At the age of four he started learning violin and was already
a brilliant player by the age of seven.
• Charles Mingus Jr. (April 22, 1922 – January 5, 1979) was a highly-
influential American jazz double bassist, composer, bandleader, and
civil rights activist. He prefers to stand up playing the double bass. A
string quartet consists of two violins, a viola and a cello.
PERCUSSION OF AN
ORCHESTRA
• However, traditionally contains in addition many
instruments that are not, strictly speaking, percussion,
such as whistles and sirens. On the other
hand, keyboard instruments such as the celesta are
not normally part of the percussion section,
but keyboard percussion instruments (which do not
have keyboards) are included.
• As the music has developed and spread around the world it has
drawn on many different national, regional and local musical
cultures giving rise, since its early 20th century American
beginnings, to many distinctive styles: New Orleans jazz dating from
the early 1910s, big band swing, Kansas City jazz and Gypsy
jazz from the 1930s and 1940s, bebop from the mid-1940s and on
down through West Coast jazz, cool jazz, avant-garde jazz, Afro-
Cuban jazz, modal jazz, free jazz, Latin jazz in various forms,soul
jazz, jazz fusion and jazz rock, smooth jazz, jazz-funk, punk jazz, acid
jazz, ethno jazz, jazz rap, cyber jazz, Indo jazz, M-Base, nu jazz, urban
jazz and other ways of playing the music.