ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE

(1) GLUCOSE + ATP  GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE + ADP + H+

(2) CH3CH2OH + NAD+  (CH3)CHO + NADH + H+

(3) ATP + H2O  ADP + Pi

(4) CH3(CO)COO- + H+  CH3CHO + CO2

(PYRUVATE) (ACETALDEHYDE)

(5) CH3(CO)COO- + ATP + CO2  ADP + Pi + -OOC-CH2 (C0) COO-

(OXALOACETATE)

-OOC H H H
| | | |
(6) C = C  C=C
| | | |
H COO- -OOC COO-
 ENZYME CLASSIFICATION EXERCISE

(7) OXALOACETATE + GTP  PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE + GDP

+ CO2

(8) ASP + -KETOGLUTARATE  OXALOACETATE + GLU

(9) 3-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE  2-PHOSPHOGLYCERATE

(10) -OOC-CH2-CH2-COO- + FAD  -OOC-CH=CH-COO- + FADH2

 ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
ANSWERS TO IN-CLASS EXERCISE
(1) TRANSFERASE (HEXOKINASE)
(2) OXIDOREDUCTASE (ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE)
(3) HYDROLASE (ATPase)
(4) LYASE (PYRUVATE DECARBOXYLASE)
(5) LIGASE (PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE)
(6) ISOMERASE (MALEATE ISOMERASE)
(7) HYDROLASE (PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE
CARBOXYKINASE)
(8) TRANSFERASE (AMINOTRANSFERASE)
(9) PHOSPHOGLYCERATE MUTASE
(10) OXIDOREDUCTASE (SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE)
 OXIDOREDUCTASES

CATALYZE REDOX REACTIONS

SOME COMMON TYPES:
– REDUCTASES
– DEHYDROGENASES
– OXIDASES
– OXYGENASES
LOOK FOR INVOLVEMENT OF COENZYMES
– NAD+ , NADP+, FAD, FMN
 TRANSFERASES

TRANSFER OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

SOME EXAMPLES:
– TRANSFERASES
– PHOSPHORYLASES
TRANSFER OF Pi OR PPi
– KINASES
A PHOSPHATE TRANSFER
UTILIZE OR GENERATE ATP
 HYDROLASES

HYDROLYSIS REACTIONS

WATER MOLECULES USED TO BREAK

BONDS

EXAMPLES:
– PHOSPHATASES
– PEPTIDASES
– ATPase, GTPase
 LYASES

CATALYZES REACTIONS THAT

– GENERATE A DOUBLE BOND
– ADDS A SUBSTRATE MOLECULE TO
DOUBLE BOND OF A SECOND SUBSTRATE
EXAMPLES:
– DECARBOXYLASES
– DEHYDRATASES
– ALDOLASE
 ISOMERASES

CONVERSION OF ONE ISOMERIC FORM

INTO ANOTHER
EXAMPLES:
– ISOMERASES
– EPIMERASES
– RACEMASES
– MUTASES
 LIGASES

TWO MOLECULES ARE JOINED

ANABOLIC REACTIONS
REQUIRE NUCLEOTIDES (ATP, GTP) TO
DRIVE THEM
– A PYROPHOSPHATE BOND MUST BE BROKEN
EXAMPLES:
– CARBOXYLASE
– SYNTHETASES
DON’T CONFUSE SYNTHETASES WITH
SYNTHASES
 ONGOING EXERCISE
USING THE PRECEEDING PRINCIPLES
OF ENZYME CLASSIFICATION, MAKE
SURE THAT YOU CAN IDENTIFY THE
CLASS OF ENZYME FOR EACH
ENZYME THAT WE STUDY AND
RATIONALIZE WHY IT FITS INTO THAT
PARTICULAR CLASS