Tools And Techniques Of Plant Layout

Presenter’s Name:
Nikhil
Tools And Techniques Of Plant Layout
The following tools and techniques are used to analyse the data:
1. Travel Chart
2. Templates
3. Process Chart
4. Diagrams
5. REL
6. Scaled Models
Travel Chart
The flow of material
between functional areas
of the plant is recorded on
a From-To chart.
It records the distance
and frequency of
movements between
various pair of
departments.
 Templates

This is the most common method of presenting the plant layout.

These are two dimensional cutouts prepared by cardboard, coloured
papers, etc.
They are made to scale and are placed on the scaled plan of the building
drawn on the board.
The templates depicts the plan of various activities like machine tools,
work benches, storages, etc.
 Advantages

Cheaper compared to model layout.

Congestion, backtracking can be better visualized.
Easy for interpretation.
They can be conveniently moved on board providing
flexibility to evaluate various feasible arrangements.
 Limitation

Interpretation is difficult for non-technical persons.

It is difficult to visualize the impact of overhead facilities on the
plant and process.
Process Charts
Operation Process Chart
Flow Process Chart
 Operation Process Chart

An operation process chart gives the bird's-eye view of the whole process
by recording only the major activities and inspections involved in the
process.
Operation process chart uses only two symbols,i.e., operation inspection.
Operation process chart is also called as outline process chart.
Operation Process Chart
 Flow process chart

Flow process chart gives the sequence of flow of work of a

product comma or any part of it through the work centre other
department recording the events using appropriate symbols.
 Flow process chart star of three types :- Material, Man ,
Equipment type.
Flow process chart (Material type)
Flow process chart ( Man type)
Flow process chart (Man and material type)
Diagrams
Flow diagram
String diagram
 Procedure for flow diagram

 The layout of the workplace is drawn to scale.

 Relative positions of the machine tools work benches, storage, inspection
benches are mark on the scale.
 Path followed by the subject under study stress by drawing lines.
 Each moment is really number and indicated by arrow for direction.
 Different colours are used to denote different types of movements.
 Procedure for string diagram

 Only out of work place of factories drawn to scale on a soft board

 Pins are fix into boards to mark the locations of work stations, pins are also
driven at the turning points of routes.
 A measured length of the thread is taken to trace the movement.
 The distance covered by the object is obtained by measuring the remaining
part of the thread and subtracting it from the original length.
 Scale Models
Three dimensional models are the scaled models of the facilities. The models of
the plant and equipment with their appropriate scale are used in preparing the
model layout they are usually made up of wood and plastic these are costly

Advantages
• East to visualize and explain
• It facilties the study of overhead structures and devices like lightning
ventilation safety features
 REL ( Relationship Chart )

The relative importance of having one department neat another displayed

in relationship chart.
Robert Muther developed the REL Chart.
Each Diamond Shaped cell in chart shows the relationship if any between
two functional plant areas.
The top entry letter that indicates the degree of closeness of the
relationship and the number below represents the reasons for
relationship.
Example
Thank You