Beruflich Dokumente
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TOPICS COVERED:
ALLIED ACCOUNTING COURSES
COST, FINANCIAL & MANAGEMENT ACCTG.
PLANNING TOPICS
CONTROLLING TOPICS
PERFORMANCE MEASURES TOPICS
DECISION MAKING TOPICS
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 1
MANAGEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
ALLIED ACCOUNTING COURSES
FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
COST ACCOUNTING
MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING
FORENSIC ACCOUNTING
FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 2
MANAGEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
PLANNING TOPICS
PROFIT PLANNING
MASTER BUDGETING
BREAK EVEN COMPUTATION
FLEXIBLE BUDGETING
CAPITAL BUDGETING
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 3
MANAGEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
PLANNING TOPICS
PROFIT PLANNING
MASTER BUDGETING
BREAK EVEN COMPUTATION
FLEXIBLE BUDGETING
CAPITAL BUDGETING
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 4
MANAGEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
CONTROLLING TOPICS
PERFORMANCE MEASURES
STANDARDS & VARIANCE ANALYSIS
BALANCED SCORE CARD
PROFIT VARIATION ANALYSIS
RESPONSIBILITY ACCOUNTING
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 5
MANAGEMENT ADVISORY SERVICES
DECISION MAKING TOPICS
MANAGEMENT CONSULTANCY
ANALYTICAL REVIEW AND PROCESS
FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS
DIFFERENTIAL COST ANALYSIS
CVP & SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 6
MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES
C1 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING BASICS
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 8
C1 PURPOSE OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 9
C1 NATURE OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
Financial Accounting Managerial Accounting
Customer Global
Orientation Economy
Lean
Business
Model
Customer
Orientation
in a Global
Economy
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 12
C2 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT
on
Receive
customer Complete products
orders. just in time to
ship to customers.
Schedule
production.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 14
C2
IMPLICATIONS FOR
MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 15
FRAUD AND ETHICS IN
C3
MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING
Fraud involves the use of one’s job for personal gain through the
deliberate misuse of the employer’s assets. There are many types
of fraud, but common characteristics of all fraud are that it:
• Is done to provide direct or indirect benefit to the employee.
• Violates the employees’ duties to his employer.
• Costs the employer money.
• Is secret.
Fraud increases business costs. Management relies on internal
control systems to monitor business activities and on accounting
systems to track costs and identify unexpected amounts.
Ethics are beliefs that distinguish right from wrong. They are
accepted standards of good and bad behavior. The Institute of
Management Accountants has issued a code of ethics to help
accountants involved in solving ethical dilemmas.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 16
C4
TYPES OF COST CLASSIFICATIONS
CLASSIFICATION BY BEHAVIOR
Cost behavior refers to
how a cost will react to
Cost
combinations of fixed
and variable costs.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Activity Slide 17
C4
TYPES OF COST CLASSIFICATIONS
CLASSIFICATION BY TRACEABILITY
Direct costs Indirect costs
Costs traceable to a Costs that cannot
single cost object. be traced to a
Examples: material single cost object.
and labor cost for a Example: A
product. maintenance
expenditure
benefiting two or
more departments.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 18
C4 TYPES OF COST CLASSIFICATIONS
CLASSIFICATION BY CONTROLLABILITY
The degree of control depends on the
level of management in the organization.
Example: You plan on buying a new car for $25,000 next month.
The cost of the new car is an out-of-pocket cost because you can
choose to spend or not to spend the $25,000 next month.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 20
C4
TYPES OF COST CLASSIFICATIONS
CLASSIFICATION BY RELEVANCE
An opportunity cost is the potential benefit lost by choosing
a specific action from two or more alternatives
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 21
C5
TYPES OF COST CLASSIFICATIONS
CLASSIFICATION BY FUNCTION
Direct Direct Manufacturing
Labor Material Overhead
Product
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 24
C5
COST CONCEPTS FOR
SERVICE COMPANIES
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 25
C6 REPORTING MANUFACTURING ACTIVITIES
Merchandisers . . . Manufacturers . . .
Buy finished goods. Buy raw materials.
Sell finished goods. Produce and sell
finished goods.
SaleMart
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 26
C6 MANUFACTURER’S BALANCE SHEET
MERCHANDISER MANUFACTURER
Beginning Beginning
Merchandise Finished Goods
Inventory Inventory
+ +
Cost of Goods The major Cost of Goods
Purchased difference Manufactured
_ _
Ending Ending
Merchandise Finished Goods
Inventory Inventory
Cost of Goods
= Sold =
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 29
P1 COST OF GOODS SOLD FOR A
MERCHANDISER AND MANUFACTURER
Cost of goods sold for manufacturers differs only
slightly from cost of goods sold for merchandisers.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 30
P1 DIRECT MATERIALS
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 31
P1 DIRECT LABOR
Example:
Wages paid to a
mountain bike
assembly worker.
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 32
P1 FACTORY OVERHEAD
Examples:
Indirect labor – maintenance
Indirect material – cleaning supplies
Factory utility costs
Supervisory costs
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 33
P1 PRIME AND CONVERSION COSTS
Prime Conversion
Cost Cost
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 34
P1 QUESTION
Raw Factory
Materials Overhead Finished Cost
Purchases Goods of
Raw Materials
Used Ending Goods
Inventory Sold
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 39
P2
MANUFACTURING STATEMENT
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 40
Computation of Cost of Direct Material Used
P2
Beginning raw materials inventory $ 8,000
Add: Purchases of raw materials 86,500
Cost of raw materials available for use $ 94,500
Deduct: Ending raw materials inventory 9,000
ROCKYused
Cost of direct materials MOUNTAIN BIKES
in production $ 85,500
Manufacturing Statement
For Year Ended December 31, 2009
Direct materials used in production $ 85,500
Direct labor 60,000
Total factory overhead costs 30,000
Total manufacturing costs for the period $ 175,500
Add: Beginning goods in process inventory 2,500
Total cost of goods in process $ 178,000
Deduct: Ending goods in process inventory 7,500
Cost of goods manufactured $ 170,500
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 41
P2 MANUFACTURING STATEMENT
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 42
Computation of Total Manufacturing Overhead
P2 MIndirect
ANUFACTURING
labor STATEMENT
$ 9,000
Factory supervision 6,000
Factory utilities 2,600
Property taxes, factory building 1,900
Factory supplies used
ROCKY MOUNTAIN BIKES 600
Factory insurance expired 1,100
Manufacturing Statement
Depreciation, building and equipment 5,300
For Year Ended December 31, 2009
Other factory overhead 3,500
Total materials
Direct factory overhead
used costs
in production $ 30,000 $ 85,500
Direct labor 60,000
Total factory overhead costs 30,000
Total manufacturing costs for the period $ 175,500
Add: Beginning goods in process inventory 2,500
Total cost of goods in process $ 178,000
Deduct: Ending goods in process inventory 7,500
Cost of goods manufactured $ 170,500
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 43
P2 MANUFACTURING STATEMENT
Beginning work in
process inventory is
ROCKY MOUNTAIN BIKES
carried over from the
Manufacturing Statement
prior period.
For Year Ended December 31, 2009
Direct materials used in production $ 85,500
Direct labor 60,000
Total factory overhead costs 30,000
Total manufacturing costs for the period $ 175,500
Add: Beginning goods in process inventory 2,500
Total cost of goods in process $ 178,000
Deduct: Ending goods in process inventory 7,500
Cost of goods manufactured $ 170,500
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 44
P2 MANUFACTURING STATEMENT
McGraw-Hill/Irwin Slide 45
A1
CYCLE TIME AND CYCLE
EFFICIENCY
Order Production Goods
Received Started Shipped