BY:-

ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT
ATMIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE
 INDEX
I. INTRODUCTION
II. CAPTIVE POWER PLANT
III. DIESEL POWER PLANT
IV. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF DIESEL POWER STATION
V. ADVANTAGES OF DIESEL POWER PLANT
VI. DISADVANTAGES OF DIESEL POWER PLANT
VII.APPLICATION OF DIESEL POWER PLANT
VIII.GAS BASED POWER PLANT
IX. CLASSIFICATION OF GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT
X. BASIC OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT
XI. METHODS OF IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF GAS TURBINE POWER
PLANT
XII.OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE PLANT USING REGENERATOR
 INTRODUCTION

 Energy Source can be divided in to two source

1. Conventional Energy Source

Like: Coal, Oil, Gas, Water.

2. Non Conventional Energy Source

Like: Wind, Solar, Biomass,

Ocean.
 Contd…
 Energy Source Further classify as:
1. Non Renewable Energy Source
The energy sources once used cannot be taken in
use again, are called non renewable energy
source. Ex:. Gas, Oil, Coal etc.
1. Renewable Energy Source
The energy sources which can be reused again,
are called non renewable energy source. Ex:.
Solar, Wind, Ocean, etc.
 CAPTIVE POWER PLANT

 All power plants are normally connected to grid system. And all
grid system are owned by state electricity board (PGVCL,
MGVCL, DGVCL, GETCO, GSECL).
 Many industries required continues power supply even for small
periods interruption is not tolerated.
 Such type of industries generates its own power by installing the
power plant, this type of power plan is known as captive power
plant.
 Captive power plant operate independent of the grid system.
 The industries can not sale this power to other.
 Normally diesel power plant is used as a captive power plant.
 But now or days co generation power plant is favorite as a captive
power plants.
 DIESEL POWER PLANT
Chemical Mechanical Electrical
Energy Energy Energy

Diesel Alternator
Engine
 BLOCK DIAGRAM OF DIESEL
POWER STATION
ENGINE START
SYSTEM

FUEL
OIL
SYSTEM
ENGINE Altenator Exciter

AIR
SYSTEM

LUBRICATING COOLING
SYSTEM WATER
SYSTEM
 DIESEL POWER PLANT

ADVANTAGES DIS-ADVANTAGES
•Simple plant layout • Fuel has to be imported
• Less initial cost and • Running cost is high
space • limited plant capacity
•Water need is small so no • Lubrication oil is
require at river costly
• Reduced standby losses • Life of plant is not so
• Efficiency is more long
• Start and stop quickly
 APPLICATION OF DIESEL
POWER PLANT

• Central Station
• Peak load station
• Emergency Plant
• Standby plant
• House service set
• Nursery station
• For power supply to hospital, cinema.
 GAS BASED POWER PLANT

FUEL
Chemical
Energy

Combustion
T G
chamber
Compressed
Air H.T.
H.P GAS Electrical
Mechanical
Energy Energy
Heat
Energy
 CLASSIFICATION OF GAS TURBINE
POWER PLANT

1. Based on state of fuel.

• Solid
• Liquid
• Gas
2. Based on operating cycle
• Open cycle
• Closed cycle
2. Based on the type of load
• Base load
• Peak load
• standby
BASIC OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE
POWER PLANT
 METHODS OF IMPROVING EFFICIENCY OF
GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

• Use of Regenerator
• Reheating
• Inter cooling
 OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE
PLANT USING REGENERATOR
SIMPLE GAS TURBINE PLANT
MAKING USE OF HEATER
OPEN CYCLE GAS TURBINE PLANT
MAKING USE OF INTER COOLER
CLOSED CYCLE GAS TURBINE
POWER PLANT
 GAS TURBINE POWER PLANT

ADVANTAGES DIS-ADVANTAGES
• Quick start and stop
• Easy control • Compressor
• Less space should start
• Less auxiliaries before the plant
• Less capital cost starts
• Less operating staff • Efficiency is
• Simple lubrication system less
• Weight power ration is less • Less life
 DISADVANTAGES OF GAS TURBINE
POWER PLANT
• Compressor should start before the plant starts
• Efficiency is less
• Less life

APPLICATION OF GAS TURBINE

POWER PLANT
• Peak load plant
• Standby plant
• Auxiliary plant
 BIOMASS BASED POWER PLANT
• Biomass, :
“Plant And Animal Organic Matters Are
Called Biomass.”
• Form of biomass
1. solid: wood, leaves, etc…
2. liquid: cow dung, animal waste..
3. Gas
 BIOMASS

ADVANTAGES DIS-ADVANTAGES
• It’s the renewable • Biomass is heavy, its contain 50
energy source to 60% water
• No pollution • Forest can be destroyed
• No transportation cost • Installation in urban area is not
• Waste after obtaining possible
bio gas is used • Biogas plant occupies more
• Solid biomass can space.
convert in to liquid or • Biomass is economical only
gas. when the biomass
with high density is used.
CONVERSION OF BIOMASS IN TO ENERGY

• Thermo chemical Process:

 Process require high pressure and temperature.
• There are three thermo chemical process
1. Pyrolysis: hydro carbon from biomass.
2. Hydro gasification: biomass convert in to gas
Form.
3. Hydro generation: biomass heated up to 5500C
absence of oxygen. Liquid biomass is obtain.
Hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, methanol,
Acetic acid.
CONVERSION OF BIOMASS IN TO ENERGY

• BIO CHEMICAL PROCESS:

 Process is carried out at atmospheric temperature.
 Process is carried out by Micro-organism i.e.bacteria.
• There are three bio-chemical process
1. Aerobic treatment: ethanol is produced from
the molasses.
2. Anaerobic treatment: methane gas is produced.
3. Chemical reduction: waste from plants is used
4. Pyro gasification: solid & liquid biomass is converted
To gas biomass
BIOMASS STEAM POWER PLANT
BIOMASS GAS TURBINE PLANT
 OCEAN ENERGY TO ELECTRICAL
ENERGY CONVERSION

Ocean THERMAL energy

Ocean Tidal energy
Ocean Wave energy
Ocean Biomass energy
Ocean Chemical energy
Ocean Salinity energy
Ocean Geo Thermal energy
OCEAN THERMAL ENERGY
ELEMENTS
• PUMP
• DE-GASIFIER
• FLASH-
EVAPORATOR
• STEAM-
TURBINE
• GENERATOR
• SURFACE
CONDENSER
CLOSED CYCLE OCEAN THERMAL
ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM
 CLOSED CYCLE OCEAN THERMAL
ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEM

ADVATANGES DIS-ADVATANGES
• No cost of fuel
• Renewable source • Capital cost is high
• Fresh water produced • Transmission cost is
• No pollution more
• No costly land required • Efficiency is 1% to 3%
OCEAN TIDAL POWER PLANT

TIDAL POWER
PLANT

SINGLE BASIN DOUBLE BASIN

POWER PLANT POWER PLANT

SINGLE BASIN SINGLE BASIN DOUBLE

TIDAL CYCLE EBB CYCLE CYCLE
SINGLE BASIN TIDAL CYCLE
POWER PLANT
EBB CYCLE TIDAL POWER
PLANT
DOUBLE CYCLE SINGLE BASIN
POWER PLANT
DOUBLE BASIN TIDAL POWER
PLANT
 TIDAL POWER PLANT

ADVATANGES DIS-ADVATANGES

• Renewable type • Capital cost is high

• No pollution • Construction work is
• Less maintenance difficult in see water.
• Transmission cost is
more
• Capital cost is high
GEO THERMAL FIELD
 GEO THERMAL SOURCES

Hydro thermal source :

Vapor dominated or dry steam resources
Liquid dominated system or wet steam resources
Hot water resources
Geo pressure resources
Petro thermal or hot dry rocks
Magma resources
Volcanoes
GEO THERMAL ELECTRICAL
POWER PLANT

GEO THERMAL PLANTS

VAPOUR
DOMINATED SYSTEM

LIQUID DOMINATED
SYSTEM

BINARY VAPOUR
SYSTEM
VAPOUR DOMINATED GEO
THERMAL POWER PLANT
ELEMENTS
 CENTRIFUGAL
SEPARATOR
 STEAM TURBINE
 GENERATOR
 DIRECT CONTACT
CONDENSER
 STEAM JET EJECTOR
 COOLING TOWER
LIQUID DOMINATED GEO THERMAL
PLANT
ELEMENTS
 FLASH SEPARATOR
 STEAM TURBINE
 GENERATOR
 DIRECT TYPE
CONDENSER
 COOLING TOWER
BINARY VAPOUR GEO THERMAL
PLANT
ELEMENTS
 PUMP
 HEAT EXCHANGE
 TURBINE
 GENERATOR
 CONDENSER
 COOLING TOWER
 GEO THERMAL ENERGY
ADVATANGES
• Energy available in large
quantity
• No pollution
• Less maintenance
• Less initial cost
• No transportation cost
DIS-ADVATANGES
• Efficiency is less
• Gases create pollution
• Causes noise
pollution(steam)
• Only available at few
places