Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Eleventh Edition
James A. O’Brien
Chapter
1
Foundations
of Information Systems
in Business
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 2
Chapter Objectives
• Provide foundation of why information
systems are important
• Identify major types of information
systems
• Identify major types of information
systems
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 3
Chapter Objectives
• Define construct of an information
system – people, hardware, software,
data, and networks
• The above resources perform input,
processing, output, storage, and control
activities that transform data resources
into information products.
• Identify challenges and ethical issues
that a business manager might face
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 4
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 5
Softw
ear
Information
Hardw
Systems
ar e
Resources
Ne
tw a
or t
ks Da
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James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 6
What is a System?
Environment
Feedback Feedback
Signals Signals
Control Control by Control
Signals Management Signals
System Boundary
Other Systems
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James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 8
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 9
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 10
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 11
Support
Strategies for
Competitive Advantage
Support
Business Decision Making
Support
Business Processes and Operations
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 12
IT Era’s
• Data Processing (DP)
• Micro Era
• Network Era
• WAN Network Environment
– Client-Server
– Thin Client
– Web
– WAP
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James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 13
Electronic
Data Management
Processing Information
- TPS Decision
Systems
Support
Systems End User
- Ad hoc Computing
Reports Exec Info Sys Electronic
Expert Systems Business &
SIS Commerce
-Internetworked
E-Business &
Commerce
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James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 14
Manufacturing
Engineering & Accounting,
and
Research and Finance
Production
Intranets
Customer Relationship Management
Marketing Sales Customer Service
Extranets
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Types of Information Systems
Why Organizations need
Information Systems
Meeting Global Challenges
Capturing opportunities in the Market Place
Supporting Corporate Strategy
Linking Departments Whose Functions are
different
Enhancing Worker Productivity
Increasing Quality of Goods and Services
16
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 17
Information Systems
Operations Management
Support Support
Systems Systems
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
Functional Business Systems
Manufacturing
Information
Systems
Human
Resources Quality Control
Systems Information
Systems
Customer
Geographic
Information Marketing
Systems Information
Systems
Financial
and Accounting
Systems
18
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 19
Expert
ExpertSystems
Systems
Knowledge
KnowledgeManagement
ManagementSystems
Systems
Cross-Functional
Cross-FunctionalInformation
Information Systems
Systems
Strategic
StrategicInformation
InformationSystems
Systems
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James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 22
Expert
ExpertSystems
Systems
Knowledge
KnowledgeManagement
ManagementSystems
Systems
Cross-Functional
Cross-FunctionalInformation
Information Systems
Systems
Strategic
StrategicInformation
InformationSystems
Systems ––
National
NationalSemiconductor
Semiconductor––“faster
“faster&&better”
better”decisions
decisions
Global
GlobalInformation
InformationSystems-
Systems-Levi’s
Levi’s
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James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 23
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 24
•Business Strategies
•Business Processes
•IS Human Resources •Business Needs
•IS Development
•Customer Relationships
•Business Partners
•IT Infrastructure
•Suppliers
•IS Performance
•Business Customers
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 26
Chapter Summary
• Information Systems play a vital role in the
efficient and effective operations of E-business,
E-commerce and enterprise collaboration.
• The business professional must know:
– Components (fundamentals) of IS
– Information Technologies
– Business Applications and processes
– Managerial Challenges
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James A. O’Brien Introduction to Information Systems Eleventh Edition 27
Irwin/McGraw-Hill Copyright © 2002, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.