.

 Introduction

 Definition of the problem

 Proposed Model for Automation of Greenhouse

 Aim & Basic principle of operation

 Working of the proposed model

 Block Diagram

 Software (technology used)

 Advantages

 Disadvantages

 Scope for Further Development

 Expected outcome

 Conclusion

 Work done till now.

 We live in a world where everything can be controlled and operated automatically.

 There are still a few important sectors in our country where automation has not been
adopted or has not been put to a full-fledged use.

 perhaps because of several reasons one such reason is cost.

 One such field is that of agriculture. Agriculture has been one of the primary occupations of
man since early civilizations and even today manual interventions in farming are inevitable.

 Greenhouses form an important part of the agriculture and horticulture sectors in our country
as they can be used to grow plants under controlled climatic conditions for optimum
produce.

 Automating a greenhouse envisages monitoring and controlling of the climatic parameters

which directly or indirectly govern the plant growth and hence their produce.

 Automation is process control of industrial machinery and processes, thereby replacing human
operators.
 Over-irrigation because of poor distribution uniformity or management waste water,
chemicals, and may lead to water pollution.

 Deep drainage (from over-irrigation) may result in rising water tables which in some
instances will lead to problems of irrigation salinity requiring water table control by some
form of sub-surface land drainage.

 Irrigation with saline or high sodium water may damage soil structure owing to the
formation of alkaline.

 Competition for surface water rights.

 depletion of underground aquifers.

 Ground subsidence
 The proposed system is an embedded system

 Monitor and control the microclimatic parameters of a greenhouse

 Maximize their production over the whole crop growth season

 Eliminate the difficulties involved in the system.

 The system comprises of:-

 sensors,

 Analog to Digital Converter,

 microcontroller and

 activators.

 This system eliminates the drawbacks of the existing set-ups

 Flexible and low cost solution

. . .
 Aim:-
 The aim of this project is to design a Solar based automatic intelligent system that can control
the irrigation depending upon the moisture present in the soil.

 Basic principle of operation:-

 This project uses MCU (Micro Controller Unit) that will take input from the soil in the
form of moisture and depending upon the value of soil moisture entered by the user, a
comparison is made.

 With the help of mobile phone embedded with an internal modem, user can turn on the
water motors from anywhere in the world

 The DTMF keypad can be used to enter the preset values of times, like when to start the
motors and when to stop the motors.

. . .
 This project is based on EMBEDDED SYSTEM and GSM
Technology.

 When a field is in the dry condition, the sensing logic senses the state
(moisture content) of the field and intimates it to the microcontroller.

 It in response makes the motor on.

. . .
 User is intimated by sending a message to the GSM modem which is
placed at the field.

 Through our mobile we can switch on-off the motor by sending the
respective commands to the kit through the GSM modem.

 Thus the irrigation motor can be controlled through our mobiles using
GSM technology.
. Silver Plates

Solar panel
Power Supply

Key Pad

MCU-16F877A LCD

Interface circuitry to
PC
Water Valve
Driver Circuit LEDS

GSM
mobile phone remote switch

Water Valve

. . .
 A PIC microcontroller is a processor with built in memory and RAM.

 It saves you from building a circuit that has separate external RAM, ROM and peripheral

chips.

 What this really means for us is that we have a very powerful device that has many useful

built in modules e.g.

 EEPROM.

 Timers.

 Analog comparators.

 UART.

.
. .
 Two timers.

 One 10bit ADC with 4 selectable inputs.

 An internal oscillator (or we can use an external crystal).

 An analog comparator.

 1024 words of program memory.(1k).

 64 Bytes of RAM.

 128 Bytes of EEPROM memory.

 External interrupt (as well as interrupts from internal peripherals).

 External crystal can go up to 20MHz.

 lcd is used to indicate the present status of parameters and the respective AC
devices (simulated using bulbs).

 The information is displayed in two modes which can be selected using a push
button switch which toggles between these two modes.

 Any display can be interfaced to the system with respective changes in driver
circuitry and code.

. . .
 Sensor leads
 The circuit designed uses

 A 5V supply, vcc

 Fixed resistance of 100Ω,

 Variable resistance of 10ΚΩ,

 Two copper leads as the sensor

probes,
To microcontroller

 2N222N transistor.

. . .
vcc .

Sensor leads

. . .
Sensor Interface
 HF1 HF2

LF1

.
LF2

.
. .
.

. . .
.

. . .
. . .
.

11 14 2
11
PC
MCU Max- 232

10 12 13 3
 To program PIC Microcontrollers we need several types of computer
software.

These soft wares used are:-

 C# (c sharp) for serial communication between MCU and PC.

 Development interface or IDE.

 Visual studio.
 Sensors used have high sensitivity and are easy to handle.

 Low cost system, providing maximum automation.

 Closed loop design prevents any chances of disturbing the greenhouse environment.

 User is indicated for changes in actuator state thereby giving an option for manual override.

 Low maintenance and low power consumption.

 The system is more compact compared to the existing ones, hence is easily portable.

 Can be used for different plant species by making minor changes in the ambient environmental

parameters.

 Can be easily modified for improving the setup and adding new features.

 Labour saving.

. . .
 Complete automation in terms of pest and insect detection and
eradication cannot be achieved.

 No self-test system to detect malfunction of sensors.

 Requires uninterrupted power supply.

 Facility to remotely monitor the greenhouse is not possible.

 Number of channels can be increased

 Can be modified with the use of a data logger and a graphical LCD
panel

 A speaking voice alarm could be used instead of the normal buzzer.

 Modems, cellular phones or satellite terminal

 Energy storage device

 Time bound administration of fertilizers,

 A multi-controller system can be developed

. . .
 The Microcontroller based irrigation system will prove to be a real time
feedback control system which will monitors and controls all the
activities of irrigation system efficiently.

 The present proposal is a model to modernize the agriculture industries

on a small scale with optimum expenditure.

 Using this system, one can save manpower, water to improve production
and ultimately profit.
 reducing the power consumption, maintenance and complexity, at the same
time providing a flexible and precise form of maintaining the environment.

 Further improvements will be made as less expensive and more reliable

sensors are developed for use in agricultural production.

 The required technology and components are available,

 Many such systems have been independently developed,
 Or are at least tested at a prototype level.

 Also, integration of all these technologies is not a daunting task and can
be successfully carried out.

. . .
We have prepared the following independent parts of the project

 An alarm circuitry.

 Main control PCB design.

 Power supply module for testing

PIC 16f877a
. Power suply PCB Working power
layout supply module
 Led’s used for error
indication

.

Complete alarm
circuitry
 Thank You
.

. . .