Drilling Machine

• Drilling is an operation through which holes are

produced in a solid metal by means of a revolving
tool called Drill.
• It is considered as a roughing operation
• Principle of working: It is a machine works on
the principle is that a rotating cutting tool is feed
against a stationary held work-piece.
• Although it was primarily designed to originate a
hole, it can perform no.of similar operations.
 Operations performed
• Drilling
• Boring
• Reaming
• Counter boring
• Counter sinking
• Tapping
• Spot facing
• trepanning
Operations performed
 Classification of drilling machines
1. Portable drilling machine
2. Sensitive drilling machine
I. Bench mounting II. Floor mounting
3. Upright drilling machine
I. Round column II. Box column
4. Radial drilling machine
I. Plain II. Semi universal III. Universal
5. Gang drilling machine
6. Multi spindle drilling machine
7. Deep hole drilling machine
8. Automatic drilling machine
 Portable drilling machine
• Very small, compact and self-contained unit
carrying a small electric motor inside to it.
• They are high speed machines.
• Application: To drill holes in such components
that cannot be transported to the shop due to
their size or over weight or where lack of space.
• Limitations: Maximum size of drill that it can
accommodate is not more than 12 to 18 mm as
smaller size drills are used.
Portable drilling machine
 Sensitive drilling machine
• It is a small machine deigned for drilling small holes
at high speed in light jobs.
• The base of the machine can be mounted on a bench
or on the floor.
• It consists of
• Vertical column, horizontal table, a head supporting
the motor and driving mechanism, and a vertical
spindle for driving and rotating the drill.
• The drill is fed into the work by purely hand control.
• Applications: Sensitive drilling machines are capable
of rotating drills of diameter from 1.5 to 15.5 mm.
• Limitations: no arrangement for any automatic feed
 Spindle
Spindle is designed and mounted in a sleeve
Spindle moves up and down to provide feed
for drill
Up and down movement is achieved by rack
and pinion mechanism
Spindle locked by spindle lock
Spindle holds drill
Spindle rotates by motor
Sensitive drilling machine
 Upright drilling machine
• They are designed to handle medium size work-
pieces.
• In construction the machine is very similar to a
sensitive drilling machine.
• But this is large and heavier than sensitive drill
• Having power feed arrangement
• Large no.of spindle speeds and feeds are available
for drilling different types of work .
• Applications: Having the capacity to drill a hole
upto a maximum of 75 mm in steel.
Upright drilling machine
 Radial drilling machine
• The machine designed for drilling medium to
large and heavier work-pieces.
• Principle parts of a radial drilling machine:
• Base
• Column
• Radial arm
• Dill head
• Spindle feed and speed mechanism
• Table
Radial drilling machine
• Base: large rectangular casting which supports
column at one end and holds the table at the
other end.
• Column: cylindrical casting mounted vertically at
one end of the base. It supports the radial arm.
• An electrical motor mounted on the top of the
column which imparts vertical adjustment of the
arm by rotating a screw passing through a nut
attached to the arm.
• Radial arm: Mounted on the column extends
horizontally over the base.
• Having guide ways on which drill head made to
slide.
• The arm may swung round the column.
• Drill head: mounted on the radial arm.
• It encloses all the mechanisms for driving the
drill at multiple speeds and at different feed
• Spindle drive and feed mechanism: there are two
common methods of driving the spindle.
• Table: mounted on the base and it is provided
with T-Slots for clamping the work directly on its
face.
 Gang drilling machine
• When a no.of single spindle drilling machines are
placed at side by side on a common base and
have a common work table, the machine is known
as gang drilling machine.
• Four to six spindles can be mount side by side.
• The speed and feed of the spindles are controlled
independently.
• A series of operations may be performed on the
work by simply shifting the work from one
position to the other on the work table.
Gang drilling machine
 Multiple spindle drilling machine
• The function of this machine is to drill no.of holes
simultaneously in a piece of work.
• These machines have several spindles driven by a
single motor.
• Feeding motion generally obtained by raising the
work table.
Multiple spindle drilling machine
 Deep hole drilling machine
• Very long holes of relatively smaller diameter
such as in rifle barrels and long spindles.
• These machines can be obtained both in
horizontal as well as vertical types.
 Automatic drilling machines

Can perform series of machining operations at

successive units and transfer the work from one unit
to the other automatically.
Once the work is loaded at the first station, the work
will move from one machine to the other where
different operations can be performed and the
finished work comes out from the last unit without
any manual handling.
 Specifications of drilling
machine
It depends on type of machine
Portable drilling machines specified by maximum
diameter of drill that it can hold
Specified by largest diameter of work piece that can
be drilled
In upright machines distance between spindle and
front face of column is little greater than 250 mm
 Specifications of drilling machine

Radial drilling machines are Specified by the

length of the arm and column diameter
Multi spindle drilling machines are Specified
by drilling area, size and no. of holes can
drill