General Safety and

Health Provision
(OSHA)
Hod bin Amin
Objective of Occupational Safety & Health
• To promote & secure the health, safety & welfare of people
at work
• To protect people at work against hazards
• To assist in securing safe hygienic work environment
• To reduce, eliminate & control hazards
• To foster co-operation & consultation between employers &
employees
What is a OHS Management System?
• An Occupational Health & Safety and Management System
(OHSMS) is a set of plans, actions and procedures that assist
an organization to systematically manage health and safety
risk associated with their business
• The overall aim to an OHMS is to continuously improve OHS
performance through the effective management of OHS risks
and activities in the workplace
 An OSH-MS System Model
• OSH-MS such as MS1722:2003 &OSHAS 18001 are based
on the Quality Management System components of Plan, Do,
Check and Act (PDCA)
POLICY
INPUTS PLAN DO OBJECTIVES
Vision Identify Hazard Enforce procedure Safety & Health
Hazards Make arrangement Supervise respond Workers
Legislation Assign responsibility Emergency Train Productivity
Third Part Inputs Arrange resource Communicate Etc Organization
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CHECK
Monitor
ACT Surveillance
Corrective action Inspect
Review improve Investigate
Audit
Record & Analysis
 OSH-MSH 172 Standard Requirements

POLICY
ACT
Corrective action ORGANIZING
Review improve

POLICY
OBJECTIVES
Safety & Health PLANNING &
Workers IMPLEMENTATION
Productivity
Organization
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Policy
• A statement of the principles governing decision making
• They can only be changed by the Management and are
mandatory
Policy
• Management must have a written OSH policy
• Management must commit themselves to:
i. Promoting health and preventing accidents, diseases and
other work-related health effects in the workplace
ii. Complying with OSH legal requirements and other
requirements
Policy
• Workers and their representatives are consulted when
making workplace rules and regulations
• Providing the necessary resources to ensure that work and
the workplace is safe
Organizing
• Management as a whole is responsible for OSH
• Ensuring that management and workers are competent to
carry out their tasks, especially the hazardous one
• Employees are informed of hazards they are working in and
procedures are established to ensure their safety and health
• Management must promote safety and health
Planning and Implementation
• Hazards identification and assessment is made the basis of
OSH management
• Preventive , protective measures must be implemented
• Have an emergency preparedness and response
arrangements
Planning and Implementation
• There must be procedures for purchasing and contracting to
ensure safety and health requirements are incorporated in
purchased materials and equipment as well as in contracting
activities
• OSH management activities must be planned and
performance targets sets
Evaluation
• OSH management programmes must be monitored
• Investigate work-related injuries, ill health, diseases and
incidents, and their impact of OSH performance
• Carry out regular audits
• Management must review its activities to ensure OSH risks
in the workplace are ALARP, that the OSH programme is
efficient and that its OSH performance targets are met and
improved upon
SUMMARY
• A system is a set of components that work together for a
certain purpose.
• In an OSH Management System the input for the system is
workplace hazards, legislation and expectation of others
• The components of OHSMS are Policy, PDCA
• The objective or purpose of an OHSMS such as MS1722:200
or OHSAS 18001 is to ensure the welfare safety and health
of workers and compliance with regulations
Group Assignment 3
• In your own group, you are required to develop RULES &
WORKPLACE procedures in the Housekeeping department.
 Obligations of the employers
towards the employees
• The employer is obligated to protect the
employees in relation to safety, health and
welfare through the following procedures:
1. To provide and maintain a safe plant and
working system;
2. To put in place procedures so as to ensure safety
and health in the usage, handling, storage and
transportation of the plant and supplies;
3. To provide information, instruction, training and
supervision for new and old employees;
4. To provide and maintain a working environment
that is safe and free from health hazards; and
5. To provide the necessary amenities for the
welfare of those who are working.
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 responsibility of the employees at
the workplace

• Every employee has the responsibility to :

1. Be reasonably attentive so as to avoid injury onto
themselves as well as others while carrying out their
work activities; and
2. Co-operate with the employer and others so as to fulfill
the provision of the law.

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Right of employees!
The employees can expect to be protected from
discrimination, injury or re-designated by the
employer in cases if :
1. He/She make a report about the unsafe conditions or
work practices in the workplace;
2. He/She become a member of the safety and health
committee; and
3. He/She carry out his/her duties as a member of the
safety and health committee.

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 Ideal time to form the Safety and Health
Committee at the workplace
• The employer should form the Safety and Health Committee
at the workplace when there are 40 or more employees in
the workplace
or
• when instructed by the Director General of DOSH.

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Functions of the Safety and Health
Committee
• The functions of the Safety and Health Committee at the
workplace are :
• To review the safety and health procedures at the workplace;
• To investigate any complaints or other related matters that are
raised; and
• To hold regular discussions with the employer on issues relating to
safety and health at the workplace.

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Safety n Health Officer
• An employer who is classified under the Safety and Health
Act 1994 must employ a competent person to act as a
Safety and Health Officer.
• The Safety and Health Officer is to ensure that the Safety
and Health Act 1994 is complied with and also
instrumental in promoting a safe and healthy working
environment.

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 Employer must notify the nearest DOSH office
by the quickest means available using telephone,
fax, JKKP 6 or JKKP 7 in the unfortunate event
of any accident, hazardous incident, industrial
poisoning or illness that has happened or may
happen at the workplace.

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Penalty!
Employer who fail to ensure safety, health and welfare of
employees at the workplace shall be guilty of an offence and
shall on conviction will be liable to a fine not exceeding
RM50,000 or to imprisonment not exceeding two years or
to both.

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 OSHA Standards vs. OSHA Regulations

-OSHA issues both standards and regulations

OSHA standards address specific hazards such as

working in confined spaces, handling hazardous waste,
or working with dangerous chemicals.

Regulations are more generic in some cases than

standards and more specific in others.

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 Confined Space Standard
Confined space is a term from labor-safety regulations that refers to an
area whose enclosed conditions and limited access make it dangerous.

Confined spaces such as:

-manholes
-storage tanks
-underground vaults
-pipelines
-vats
-exhaust ducts
-boilers

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 Confined Space Standard
-Develop in response to the approximately 300 work-related deaths
that occur in confined spaces each year.

-Applies to a broad cross section of industries that have employees

working in spaces with the following characteristics:
-limited openings for entry or exit
-poor natural ventilation
-design not intended to accommodate continuous human
occupancy

Confined spaces such as:

-manholes -vats
-storage tanks -exhaust ducts
-underground vaults -boilers
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-pipelines -degreasers
 Confined Space Standard
-The key component in the standard is the permit requirement.

-Employers are required to develop an in-house program under

which employees must have a permit to enter confined spaces.

-Employers must do the following

-Identify spaces that can be entered only by permit

-Restrict access to identified spaces to ensure that only
authorized personnel may enter
-Control hazards in the identified spaces through engineering,
revised work practices, and other methods.
-Continually monitor the identified spaces to ensure that any
known hazards remain under control
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What is First Aid
First aid is “ the immediate and temporary care of the victim
of an accident, with the aim of preventing or reducing an
acute threat to the life or health of the victim
- International Labour Organization
The Aims of First Aid are to:
• Preserve life
• Stop the condition becoming worse
• Protect the unconscious
• Promote recover and
• Relieve pain and suffering
• Compliance with Factories and Machinery (Safety, Health
and Welfare ) Regulations 1970 (Reg 38) and Osha 1994
(Section 15(1)
Who needs First Aid
A person who
 Requires immediate attention
 Whos
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