CHAPTER 3 : COORDINATION

AND RESPONSE
3.1 HOMEOSTASIS IN LIVING THINGS
 Learning outcomes :
• Define homeostasis
• Explain homeostasis by using the example of
regulation of the water content and body temperature
• Appreciate the importance of homeostasis to humans
and living things.
 HOMEOSTASIS
Definition :
The maintenance of the internal environment in the
body of an organism, such as temperature, pH
and blood pressure to be in a balanced and
stable condition
 Regulation
of water
Homeostasis
Body
temperature
 TOO MUCH OF WATER
Corrective mechanism:
• Brain will stimulate the secretion of hormone ADH
in small amount
• The small quantity of hormone induces kidney to
increase the production of urine

Water content in body decreases

Water content in body increases when
we drink water

Water level back to normal

 TOO LITTLE WATER
Corrective mechanism:
• Brain will stimulate the secretion of hormone ADH
in large amount
• The large quantity of hormone induces kidney to
decrease the production of urine
• Feeling thirsty

Water content in body increases

Water content in body decreases
when we drink less water or sweat

Water level back to normal

 Regulation
of water
Homeostasis
Body
temperature
 HIGH BODY TEMPERATURE
Corrective mechanism:
• Blood vessels dilate
• Hairs lie flat
• Increases sweating
• Less urine
• Activity of skeletal muscle will reduce
• Hormone secretion reduce

During a hot day, our body

temperature will increase
Body temperature decreases

Normal body temperature

 LOW BODY TEMPERATURE
Corrective mechanism:
• Blood vessels constricts
• Hairs stand erect
• Shivering
• Decreases sweating
• More urine
• Activity of skeletal muscle will increase
• Hormone secretion increases
During a cold day, our body
temperature will decrease
Body temperature increases

Normal body temperature

 HOMEOSTASIS IN ANIMALS
Animals High temperature Low temperature
Cats Lick its fur Fur stands erect
Dog Hang out tongue
Lizard • Heart beats faster • Body activities become slower
• Movement become faster • Muscle functions more slowly
• Metabolism rate increases • Movements become slower
• Body temperature increases • Metabolism rate decreases
• Body temperature decreases
Snail Loses lots of water through Produce fluid and looks for humid
evaporation places to reduce water loss
Bees Has waxy skin layer and loss of Closes spiracles between two
water occurs through its spiracles breathing movements to reduce
water loss
 IMPORTANCE OF HOMEOSTASIS
• Prepares an optimum internal environment
• Maintains a stable and balanced internal environment
• Enables organisms to live in a wide range of habitat
• Controls the metabolism rate of an organism to be efficient
according to body’s needs
• Allows reactions catalysed by enzymes to occur at an optimal
rate
 ACTIVITY 1
GROUP C
: DEFINE HOMEOSTASIS
 ACTIVITY 2 : ROLE PLAY

GROUP B : REGULATION OF WATER GROUP C : REGULATION OF BODY

CONTENT TEMPERATURE
a) HUMAN a) HUMAN
b) BRAIN b) BRAIN
c) CORRECTIVE MECHANISM c) CORRECTIVE MECHANISM
d) KIDNEY d) EFFECT
e) EFFECT
 ACTIVITY 3 : EFFECTIVE DIALOGUE

Group A will have a dialogue with teacher regarding

importance of homeostasis and list examples of
homeostasis in animals
 ACTIVITY 4 : WRITTEN WORK

AMALI BOOK ACTIVITY 3.1

PG. 53 & 54
PLEASE PASS UP THE BOOK ONCE YOU
HAVE COMPLETED
 HOMEOSTASIS IN PLANTS
Learning outcomes :
• Define transpiration and its importance in regulating water in
plants
• Explain transpiration process and the stomatal opening and
closing
• Suggest other importance of transpiration
TRANSPIRATION
 Nur Hasnah
Group A Define transpiration
Ivan Lim
Leong Mun Hong
Importance of transpiration
Yong Xing Kekk
Ooi Jing Hao
Group B Explain transpiration process
Choa Lok Hin
Nisha Visaal
Thong Wen Ping
Manvir Singh Sandhu
Group C Explain transpiration process
Muhd Zahran bin Omar
Teng Lit Ean
Wong Yee Ling
Tung Zi Xin
Group D Define transpiration
Ooi Jing Han
Elakkiyan
Importance of transpiration
Najla Uzma

Isaac Lee
Group E Explain the stomatal closing and
Jorge Chow
Khor Ve Ze
opening during transpiration
Saafeerah Bibi
Aidan St. Michael
Group F Explain the stomatal closing and
Anna Goh Zhi Sin
Lee Jie Han
opening during transpiration
Loo Feng Lian