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Alignment
For teaching to be effective, two
ingredients are needed at the outset:
Teaching
and Learning Assessment
Activity
Definition:
‘Learning outcomes are statements of what is
expected that the student will be able to do as a
result of a learning activity’ (Jenkins and Unwin,
2001).
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Timed
These have major implications for
planning. However….
Using a Framework
Learning outcomes can NOT be written in a
vacuum.
A framework is needed within which to
develop them.
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives
provides this.
It is depicted diagrammatically thus:
Linking learning outcomes to levels
knowledge
comprehension
application
analysis
synthesis
evaluation
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational
Objectives (1956)
Synthesis
Evaluation
Analysis
Application
Understanding
Knowledge
Bloom’s Levels
Cognitive Domain
6. Evaluation
Making judgement about value against criteria of what has been learnt.
5. Synthesis
Combining together to make a coherent whole. Involves logical
deduction, creativity, discovery of patterns, structure.
4. Analysis
Breaking into component parts, listing elements, establishing the
relationship between them. One infers, compares, contrasts and
categorises.
3. Application
Using something in a specific manner, experimenting, practising,
testing. Applying general principles or theory to practice.
Bloom continued
2. Comprehension
Grasping meaning, assimilating, communicating in one’s own words.
1. Knowledge
Recall of factual information, being able to remember, label or
recognise something.
learning
Motivational Set: this is worth doing