BAR SCREEN

MATA KULIAH PBPAB

JURUSAN TEKNIK
LINGKUNGAN
FUNGSI DAN KRITERIA DISAIN
 berfungsi untuk menyaring benda-benda terapung dan
melayang, seperti plastik, kertas, logam, bangkai binatang,
daun, yang terdapat dalam air buangan agar tidak
mengganggu proses selanjutnya. Selain itu juga untuk
melindungi peralatan mekanis dan menghindari penyumbatan
(clogging).
 Kriteria disain (Qasim, 1980)
Parameter Manual Mesin
Kecepatan di screen (m/dt) 0,3-0,6 0,6-1
Ukuran bar :
 Lebar (mm) 4-8 8-10
 Dalam (mm) 25-50 50-75
Jarak spasi antar batang (mm) 25-75 10-50
Kemiringan (45-75)º (75-85)º
Head loss yang diijinkan (cm) 15 15
Head loss saat penyumbatan (cm) 80 80
 KARAKTERISTIK BAR SCREEN
•Bar screens are typically at the headworks (entrance) of a
wastewater treatment plant (WWTP),
• Bar screens are used to remove large objects such as rags, plastics
bottles, bricks, solids, and toy action figures from the waste stream
entering the treatment plant.
• Bar screens are vital to the successful operation of a plant, they
reduce the damage of valves, pumps, and other appurtenances.
• Floatables are also removed at the entrance to a treatment plant,
these are objects that "float" on the surface of the water and if aren't
removed end up in the primaries or aeration tanks. It is not
uncommon to see floatables hanging over the weirs of some
clarifiers. Though they don't diminish the function of those processes,
floatables are rather unsightly.
 Coarse bar screens (or bar screens) are distinguished
from fine screens by the space opening. Coarse screens
usually have a spacing of 6 mm (or 0.25 in [metric
system conversion]). and larger, whereas fine screens
spacing is usually between 1.5 mm (or 0.059 in) through
6 mm (or 0.25 in [metric to inches]). Fine screens are
installed at some wastewater treatment plants that do
not have primary treatment to minimized clogging of
downstream liquid and solid processes. Fine screens
have been used for "effluent polishing" which increases
secondary effluent to tertiary effluent quality. They also
are installed upstream of the trickling filters to minimize
clogging and fouling of distributor nozzles.
 TYPE OF BAR SCREEN

 Typically bar screens fall under two classification,

mechanical bar screens and manual bar screens (trash
racks can either be manually cleaned or mechanically
cleaned). Both manual and mechanical screens contain
equally spaced vertical or inclined bars that span the
width of a channel. Design considerations for both
mechanical and manual screens include: bar spacing,
bar size, geometry of bar, channel width, angle of screen
and approach velocity.
PENAMPANG MELINTANG
CONTOH PERHITUNGAN
1. Disain terpilih
 Kemiringan bar = 75o
 Jarak spasi antar bar = 2,5 cm
 Debit puncak = 1,321 m3/dtk
 Debit maksimum = 0,916 m3/dtk
 Debit rata-rata = 0,441 m3/dtk
Saat melewati bar rack
 Kecepatan saat debit puncak = 0,9 m/dtk
 Kecepatan saat debit maksimum = 0,6 m/dtk
 Kecepatan saat debit rata-rata = 0,4 m/dtk

2. Saluran Pembawa
 Diameter saluran = 1,53 m
 Slope saluran = 0,00047
 Kecepatan saat aliran puncak = 0,88 m/dtk
 Kedalaman aliran di saluran pada saat debit puncak = 1,18 m
3. Perhitungan jarak bar dan dimensi ruang bar
 Luas bersih yang melalui rack :
aliran. puncak 1,321m 3 / dtk
   1,47m 2
kec.melalui.bar 0,9m / dtk
 Kedalaman bersih pada rack
luas.bersih 1,47 m 2
   1,25m
kedalaman.aliran 1,18m
 Terdapat 50 spasi bersih dengan ukuran 25 mm
 Total lebar ruang bar = 50 x 25 mm = 1,25 m
 Total jumlah bar = 50 – 1 = 49
 Lebar bar terpilih = 10 mm
 Lebar chamber = 1,25 m + 10 mm x 49 = 1,74 m
 Koefisien efisiensi =
lebar.bersih 50  25
   0,72
lebar.chamber 1740
4. Perhitungan kedalaman aliran dan kecepatan di chamber pada saat
aliran puncak 2 2
v v
z1  d 1  1  z 2  d 2  2  h L
2g 2g
 v1 2 v 2 2 
hL  k e   

 2g 2g 
 z1 dan z2 = ketinggian terhadap datum, m
 v1 dan v2 = kec. di bagian 1 dan 2, m/dtk
 Hl = total kehilangan tekanan, m
 d1 dan d2 = kedalaman aliran, m
 Ke = koefisien ekspansi = 0,3
 Diketahui lantai/dasar chamber horizontal, reference datum = z2
= 0; Masukan dari saluran 8 cm di atas datum = 0,08 m; Ke =
0,3
 Dengan trial and
3 error : d2 = 1,28 m
1,321m / dtk
v2   0,59m / dtk
1,74m  1,28m
5. Perhitungan kecepatan (v) melalui bar rack saat clear
debit. puncak 1,321m 3 / dtk
v   0,83m / dtk
luas. pada. puncak 1,25m  1,28m
6. Perhitungan kehilangan tekanan melalui bar rack
2
a. v 2
 v 1
H  L
2

2g 0,7
0,83  0,59
2 2
1
HL    0,025m
2  9,81 0,7
b.  w 3
4

H L   .  .hv . sin 
b 4
 49  10mm  3 0,83
2
H L  2,42    sin 75  0,024m
 50  25mm  2  9,81
7. Kedalaman dan kecepatan dalam bar rack di belakang saringan
2 2
v v
d 2  2  d3  3  H L
2g 2g
 1,321 
 
0,59 2
1,74d 3 
1,28   d3    0,025m
2  9,81 2  9,81
2
 d 3  1,273d 3  0,029  0
dan
d 3  1,25m v3  0,61m / dtk
8. Perhitungan head loss melalui saringan saat 50% clogging
a. Saat 50% clogging, luas bersih berkurang 50%
'2 2
' v2 v3
d2   d3   h50
2g 2g
Dimana :
d2’ dan v2’ = kedalaman dan kec. saat terjadi clogging
h50 = head loss saat clogging
d3 dan v3 = diasumsikan sama saat bersih (saat tdk terjadi
clogging)
b. Head loss saat 50% clogging 2
h50 
 velocity.through .rock .opening 
'2
 v2

1
2g 0,7
c. Kec. melewati 3bar rack
1,321m / dtk 2,114
 '
 '
m / dtk
1,25m  0,5  d 2 d2

d. Kec. setelah melewati 3bar rack

' Q peak 1,321m / dtk 0,759
v2   '
 '
m / dtk
Ac log ging 1,74m  d 2 d2
e. Kedalaman dan kec. pada bar saat clogging
2  2,114  2  0,759  2 
 0,759 
   ' 
 


'  
 d'  0,61 2
 d 2   d 2  
'
d2   2   1,25  
2  9,81m / dtk 2 2  9,81 2  0,7  9,81m / dtk 2
' 2
d 2  1,269d 2  0,254  0
'
d 2  1,40m
' 1,321m 3 / dtk
v2   0,54m / dtk
1,74m  1,40m

f. Head loss saat 50% clogging

h50 
 2  0,83m / dtk    0,59m / dtk 
2 2

1
 0,18m
2  9,81m / dtk 2 0,7

g. Kec. melewati bar rack

2,114 2,114
v '
  1,51m / dtk
d2 1,4