What are his theories? How are these theories used in Educational Practice? CARL RANSOM ROGERS: Born on January 8, 1902 Received his Bachelor’s degree from University of Wisconsin in 1924. Received his Master’s degree from Columbia University in 1928 Received his Ph.D. In Psychotherapy from Columbia University in 1931. Award for Distinguish Scientific Contribution by American Psychological Association in 1956. Award for Distinguish Professional Contributions to Psychology by the APA in 1972 Nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize for his work with National Intergroup Conflict in South Africa and Northern Ireland. CARL RANSOM ROGERS: Humanistic Approach Wrote sixteen books and many articles about his theories Began his Personality Theory while working with abused children Ranked #6 of top Psychologist Was a psychology professor at Ohio State University and University of Chicago Died on February 4, 1987 at the age of 85 SELF-ACTUALIZATION:
Rogers followed very similar to the beliefs of
Maslow Believed that individual could grow In order to grow, the environment needs to provide genuineness, acceptance, and empathy Need to achieve goals, wishes, and desires in life in order to achieve self-actualization. THE FULLY FUNCTIONING PERSON:
Once a person was able to self-actualize, Roger
would refer to them as a fully functioning person. There are five characteristics of a fully functioning person: 1. Open to experience 2. Existential living 3. Trust feeling 4. Creativity 5. Experiential Freedom THEORY OF PERSONALITY:
Defined as the “organized, consistent set of
perceptions and beliefs about oneself”. The self is our inner personality Influenced by experiences throughout life Self-concept is influenced by childhood experiences and the evaluation of others. Self-concept has three components. Components of self concept:
Self Worth – also known as self esteem
Self-Image – How we see ourselves
Ideal-Self – the person we would like to be
Congruence VS Incongruence CLIENT CENTERED APPROACH:
Roger describes his therapy as “supportive, not
reconstructive. Uses the analogy of learning to ride a bicycle to also explains his theory Uses the strategy of reflection The purpose of this approach is to help the person become self aware so that he can change his own behaviour and improve his self-concept. It reduce anxiety, tension and defensiveness by providing a non-judgemental environment. How Rogers Theories May Be Used in Educational Practice: As educational Counselors, Roger’s theory of Person Centered Therapy” may be very helpful in guiding students to pursue their strengths By using Roger’s technique in “Humanistic Psychology” counsellors can help students help themselves Through creating a positive relationship with the students the counsellor has the opportunity to instill, “conditions of worth” in his/her students.