International Conference on Frontiers

In Engineering , Applied Science and

Technology

Study of Influence of Blast Loading on High

Performance Concrete Structural Elements
Presented by
VISHAL TOMAR
NIT KURUKSHETRA
CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• PROBLEM DISCRIPTION
• MATERIAL PROPERTIES
• ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES
INTRODUCTION
• An explosion is defined as a large scale, rapid and sudden release of energy.

• The element deflects until such time that the strain energy of the element is developed sufficiently to
balance the kinetic energy produced by the blast load.

• A structural element subjected to a blast loading exhibits a higher strength than a similar element
subjected to a static loading.

• Increase in strength for both the concrete and reinforcement is attributed to the rapid rates of Strain
that occur in dynamically loaded members.

• These dynamic strengths are used to calculate the element's dynamic resistance to the applied blast
load.
PROBLEM DISCRIPTION

 Load Details:
An interior roof beam was assumed on
which a over head blast load of charge
131.5 kg is subjected
Figure 1 shows the pressure and time curve
of the blast load.
Positive peek pressure - 18 Psi (124.1
KN/m2)
Negative peek pressure - 2 Psi (13.8
KN/m2)
 Design Details:
Concrete and steel exhibits higher strength in dynamic loading so yield strength of the material were
increased by use of a dynamic increase factor. So according to UFC3 340 02 Table 4-1 dynamic increase
factors were found-
Steel- Concrete-
Bending - 1.17 Compression - 1.19
Direct Shear - 1.1 Direct Shear - 1.1
Diagonal Tension - 1

Figure shows the plan view of beam of

dimension 450mm width 800 mm depth
6000mm length which is caste with a
monolithically with slab, dimensions of one
panel of slab is 200 mm depth 4000 mm width
6000 mm length
Five numbers of 16mm dia bar used in tension and compression zone. 12mm dia bar used for the
shear reinforcement with spacing of 450mm centre to centre. 40mm cover taken on the bottom and
the sides of the beam and 50mm cover taken at the top of beam as shown in Figure below.
MATERIAL PROPERTIES

Fe 415 and M80 grade of steel and concrete was assumed for design. Following material properties
were assigned to concrete and steel elements in modelling of reinforced concrete beam.

Steel Reinforcement Properties Concrete Properties

Properties Values Properties Values

Density 2300 kg/m3
Density 7850 kg/m3 Young’s Modulus 30000 MPa
Young’s Modulus 200000 MPa Poisson’s Ratio 0.18
Bulk Modulus 15625 MPa
Poisson 0.3 Shear Modulus 12712 MPa
Tensile Yield Strength 6.26 MPa
Bulk Modulus 166670 MPa
Compressive Yield Strength 80 MPa
Shear Modulus 76923 MPa Tensile Ultimate Strength 8.125 MPa
Compressive Ultimate Strength 93.714 MPa
Tensile Yield Strength 415 MPa
Isotropic Thermal Conductivity 0.72 W/m-C
Plastic Strain Failure 0.02 Specific Heat 780 J/kg-C
Coefficient of Thermal 1.4E-05 C-1
Expansion
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS
Following results were carried out by finite element program ANSYS-

 Equivalent Stress, Maximum Shear Stress and Total Deformation

14

12

10
Stress (MPa)

0
0
0.122
0.471
0.584
1.17
1.64
2.1
2.57
2.92
3.27
3.5
3.8
4.2
4.55
5.13
5.37
5.84
Time (ms)
Equivalent Stress Shear Stress
 Equivalent Elastic Strain, Maximum Shear Strain and Internal Energy
CONCLUSION
After the analysis and detail study of the results of the beam following points were concluded-

 The designed beam have much capability to resist the blast load. High strength concrete used in
this beam imparts greater compressive strength against the blast loading and tensile strength
made the resistance over the erosion of the concrete.

 From the results it was also seen that the concrete resist most of the load and absorb much
energy coming from the blast load, very least amount of energy or load was transferred to the
reinforcement of the beam.

 High performance concrete also made the beam section safe in shear but minimum area of steel
for stirrups were provided for long term stability, fatigue and creep behaviour of the beam.
REFERENCES
[1]B.M. Luccioni, R.D. Ambrosini, R.F. Danesi, Analysis of building collapse under blast loads.
[2]Na-Hyun Yi, Jang-Ho Jay Kim, Tong-Seok, Yun-Gu Cho, Jang Hwa Lee, Blast resistance characteristics of ultra-high
strength concrete and reactive powder concrete.
[3]T. Ngo, P. Mendis, A. Gupta & J. Ramsay, Blast loading and blast effects on structures.
[4]Osman Shallan, Atef Eraky, Tharwat Sakr, Shimaa Emad, Response of building structures to blast effects.
[5]Unified facility criteria (UFC3 340 02),”Structure to resist the effect of accidental explosion.”
[6]Yanchao Shi, Hong Hao, Zhong-Xian Li, Numerical simulation to study the blast wave interaction with structure column.
[7]Ulrika Nystrom, Kent Gylltoft, Numerical studies of the combined effects of blast and fragment loading.
[8]Sarah De Carufel, Frederic Dagenais, Christian Melancon and Hassan Aoude, Effect of Design Parameters on the Blast
Response of Ultra High Performance Concrete Column.
[9]Jun Lia, Hong Haob, Chengqing Wu, Numerical study of precast segmental column under blast loads.
[10]Conrad Kyei, Abass Braimah, Effects of transverse reinforcement spacing on the response of reinforced concrete columns
subjected to blast loading.