Origin of Spontaneous Potential (SP)

Electrokinetic Potential

Rmf > RW

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 Origin of Spontaneous Potential (SP)

Electrochemical Potential
Membrane Potential

Rmf > RW

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 Origin of Spontaneous Potential (SP)

Electrochemical Potential
Liquid Junction Potential

Rxo > Rt

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 SP Log

SSP = -Kc log (Rmfeq/Rweq) , Kc = 61+0.133 TºF, Kc= 65 + 0.24 TºC

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 SP Measurement

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 Spontaneous Potential Applications

· Correlation
– Depth matching between separate trips in the well.
– Positioning of open-hole sampling tools.

· Differentiate potentially porous and permeable reservoir rocks

from impermeable clays.

· Quantitative shaliness evaluation of the reservoir rock.

· Determine RW in both salt and fresh mud.

(SP can only be acquired in open hole, conductive mud environment with R mf ¹ Rw)

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 Corrections to SP log

– Bed Thickness
– Resistivity of invaded zone
– Diameter of invasion
– Resistivity of adjacent shale beds
– Resistivity of mud and borehole diameter

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 Limitations
Shale Baseline shifts

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 Other Limitations

- No SP development for Rmf = RW

- No SP development in non-conductive mud
- Cannot be recorded in cased hole
- Resolution of SP log varies with Rt / Rm

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 RW Calculation Using SP
Need some informations :
Rmf, temperature of mud filtrate, SP value, depth and temperature at depth of SP value.
Charts : Gen-9, SP-1 and SP-2

Grains/gal
10

at 75ÞF
8

ppm
6
5
20 0
4 10

3 30 0
15
40 0
2 20
50 0
25
60 0
30
NaCl Concentration (ppm or grains/gal)

70 0
80 0
1 40
Resistivity of Solution (ž - m)

0
10 0
0.8 0 50
12 0
0
14 0
0.6
0
17 0
0.5 0
20 0
100
0.4
0 .
30 0
0.3 150
0
40 0
200
0.2 5 0 00
0 250
60 00
70 000
300
80
400
0 00
10 ,
0.1 ,0 00 500
2
1 0
0.08 14 ,00
7 ,0 00
1
0.06 ,0 00
20 1000
0.05
00
30 ,0
0.04 1500
00
40 ,0
2000
0.03 ,0 00
50 0
0 2500
60 ,0 0 3000
0
70 ,0 00
0.02 80 ,0 4000
, 000
10 0 5000
, 000
, 000 12 0 000
30 0 ,
14 0 00
SB 0
17 0
, 0
0.01 0 ,00
2 0, 000
0 10,000
5
2 000
28 0
,
15,000
50 75 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400
20,000
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 120 140 160 180 200