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Definition
Urine incontinentia is defined as involuntary leakage
of urine during light stressess that increase
intraabdominal pressure such as sneezing,
coughing or even laughing (Abrams et al., 2003)
To be related to deficits in the active and passive
structure around pelvic floor and become a
significant problem among women as this can affect
their working performance, social and sexual life.
Statistically, over 50% of women population across
over the world suffer from urine incontinentia yet
less then 20% seeking for health intervention.
Why so? because most women thought that
this is a personal-embarassing problem.
Women with urine incontinentia have been
proofed to get improvement from exercise
therapy (known as Kegel's exercise) involving
their pelvic floor musculature and other
accessories muscle of the pelvic as well as
urgency delay and relaxation techniques. For
those of you who have not been familiar with
Kegel's exercise and intend to practice it, you
can find it here...
Physiology of Continence
Continence and micturition involve a
balance between urethral closure and
detrusor muscle activity. Urethral pressure
normally exceeds bladder pressure,
resulting in urine remaining in the bladder.
The proximal urethra and bladder are both
within the pelvis.
Intraabdominal pressure increases (from
coughing and sneezing) are transmitted to
both urethra and bladder equally, leaving
the pressure differential unchanged,
resulting in continence.
Normal voiding is the result of changes in
both of these pressure factors:urethral
pressure falls and bladder pressure rises.
Causes
Excess consumption of alcohol, which acts like a
diuretic.
Drinking lots of fluid in a short time period also results in
excess urine production.
Caffeine or cola beverages also act like diuretics and
stimulate the bladder.
Medications which control blood pressure, sedative or
decongestant.
Kidney stones can cause urinary urgency and loss of
bladder control.
Brain disorders like multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's
disease, strokes and spinal cord injury can all interfere
with nerve function of the bladder.
Types of Urinary Incontinence