contents

• changing scenario
• treatment requirements
• conventional ASP
• technology options
• SBR
• MBR
• About SBR
• About MBR

1
 Changing Scenario
for
Wastewater treatment

1980 2010

2
 Changing Scenario

Wastewater Wastewater
Disposal Recycle

3
 Wastewater disposal to recycle
Previously

Process Unit Effluent Treatment DISPOSAL

Cooling Tower Plant

Presently

Process Unit Effluent 20-30%

Cooling Tower Recycle
Treatment Plant DISPOSAL

70-80% RECYCLE

4
 Sewage disposal to recycle
Previously

Resi & Sewage Treatment DISPOSAL

Commercial Plant
Buildings

Presently

Resi & Sewage 0%

Commercial Recycle
Treatment Plant DISPOSAL
Buildings

100% RECYCLE
for Non Drinking
Applications 5
 …Changing Scenario

Meet Disposal Meet Recycle

Norms Norms

6
 recycle norms…
Parameter Disposal Recycle norms
norms
Low end reuse High end reuse

TSS 100 <5 < 1 ntu

BOD 100 < 10 Nil
COD 250 < 50 Nil
SDI No limit No limit <3
TKN 100 No limit <1
T- N No limit No limit <5
T- P 5 No limit <1
Bacteria No limit No limit Nil
7
 …Changing Scenario

Low Tech Cost Benefit

Analysis
Low Cost
L1

8
 …Cost Benefit Analysis

1. Benefit vs Additional cost

2. Payback of Additional cost

3. Life cycle analysis

9
meeting the challenge of the

new decade…….

10
 technology option…
1. SBR

Sequential batch reactor

2. MBR

Membrane bio reactor technology

11
Conventional ASP

12
limitations of conventional activated
sludge process….

13
 limitation of conventional ASP….
• System dependent on inefficient settling
mechanism

• Settling units are prone to problems of poor

settling and frequent floc carry over due to
bulking , de nitrification .

• Complete plant operation is normally

operator dependent

14
 limitation of conventional ASP….
• No mechanism to control type of micro-
organism in the aeration tank

• No inbuilt feature for nitrification / de

nitrification

• No feature for phosphorous removal

• Need for large diameter secondary clarifier to

settle the light bio flocs

15
how to overcome these
problems…….?

16
 Sequence Batch Reactor (SBR)

1. Fill 2. React (Aerate) 3. Settle

Screened /
degritted
Influent TWL

4. Decant 5. Idle

Effluent
Sludge

17
 Biological reactions

Biodegradation (aerobic)
Organics (BOD) + O2 + Nutrients + Bacteria = New Bacteria + C02 + H20

Nitrification (aerobic)
NH3-N + O2 + Nitrosomonas = NO2 + O2 + Nitrobacter = NO3

De nitrification (anoxic)
NO3 + organic substrate + Hetrotropic = N2 + CO2 + H2O + New cells

Phosphorous removal (anoxic/anaerobic aerobic)

VFA(organics) + Acinetobactor = release O-P
O-P + Bacteria + O2= new cells + cell maintenance

18
 SBR
Baffle Wall SAS Decanter
Screened Influent
Mixers Pumps

Pre-react Chamber Effluent Discharge

Diffusers
Main-react
Chamber ITT Corporation India Pvt.Ltd. 19
 SBR Basin Equipment
Dissolved Ultrasonic
Float Switch Decanter
Oxygen Level
M
Penstock

M Influent Effluent
From
Inlet Works

Air Inlet Valve

M Air Flow

SAS Pump To SAS

Storage
S
M
Grid 1 Grid 2 Grid 3
Air Purge

Blowers

20
 Outlet quality (all units in ppm)

Srno Parameter SBR ASP

1. BOD 10 30

2. COD 50 250 – 300

3. TSS 10 100

4. TN <5 No change

5. TP <1 No change

21
 the SBR advantage….
+ Single tank design – compact layout

+ Excellent outlet quality – low end reuse

+ Low operating cost typically 40-50% lower
than conventional system

+ Intelligent cycle control – auto PLC

+ Pre react basin

22
 the SBR advantage….
+ Respiration rate control

+ nitrification / de nitrification

+ Bio – P control

+ High turn down ratio

+ Minimal moving parts

+ Decanter in SS construction

23
 MBR

Membrane Bio - Reactor

technology

24
 MBR

it is a very high efficiency process

with outlet quality as feed to
Reverse Osmosis ….

25
 areas of application….

• as pretreatment to RO , in place of
conventional ultra filtration systems

• To achieve very high efficiency of more than

98%

• To have most compact layouts

26
 MBR System Schematics

AIR

INLET

27
 advantages of MBR
+ Buildup of very high MLSS , 5-6 times more
than conventional process

+ Extremely Compact layout

+ High efficiency process

+ Fully automatic PLC plant

28
 advantages of MBR
+ Inherent capacity to handle shocks
+ No need for downstream tertiary treatment
units

+ Easy future expansion

+ Treated effluent can be fed directly to RO

29
 Outlet quality (all units in ppm)

Srno Paramete SBR MBR ASP

r
1. BOD 10 5 30

2. COD 50 25 250 – 300

3. TSS 10 < 0.5 100

4. TN <5 <5 No change

5. TP <1 <1 No change

5. SDI - <3 -

30