Curriculum and

Instructional Materials
Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.
EDTC 21
Cavite State University-Rosario
What is A Curriculum?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 A Curriculum is/are...
• a set of subjects
• all about the content
• a program of studies
• a set of materials
• a sequence of courses
• a set of performance objectives

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 A Curriculum is/are...
(cont.)
• a course of study
• everything that goes on within the
school, including extra-class
activities, guidance, and interpersonal
relationships
• everything that is planned by the
school personnel

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 To put it simply, a
curriculum is/are...
• a series of
experiences
undergone by
learners in a
school

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Type of Curriculum
Operating in Schools
(Alan Glatthorn 2000)

• Recommended Curriculum
– Proposed by scholars and professional
organizations

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Type of Curriculum
Operating in Schools
(Alan Glatthorn 2000) (cont.)

• Written Curriculum
– Appears in schools, district, division or
country documents

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Type of Curriculum
Operating in Schools
(Alan Glatthorn 2000) (cont.)

• Taught Curriculum
– What teachers implement or deliver in
the classroom and schools

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Type of Curriculum
Operating in Schools
(Alan Glatthorn 2000) (cont.)

• Supported Curriculum
– resources-textbooks, computers, audio-
visual materials which support and
help in the implementation of the
curriculum

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Type of Curriculum
Operating in Schools
(Alan Glatthorn 2000) (cont.)

• Assessed Curriculum
– That which is tested and evaluated

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Type of Curriculum
Operating in Schools
(Alan Glatthorn 2000) (cont.)

• Learned Curriculum
– What the students actually learn and
what is measured

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Type of Curriculum
Operating in Schools
(Alan Glatthorn 2000) (cont.)

• Hidden Curriculum
– The unintended curriculum

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Components of Effective
Teaching
• The Teacher

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Components of Effective
Teaching (cont.)
• The Learner

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.
EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Components of Effective
Teaching (cont.)
• The Classroom

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Components of Effective
Teaching (cont.)
• The Curriculum

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Components of Effective
Teaching (cont.)
• The Materials

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Components of Effective
Teaching (cont.)
• The Administration

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.
EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.
EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Instructional Materials
• Instructional materials are essential
tools in the classroom.

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Instructional Materials
(cont.)

•They allow students to interact with

words, images, and ideas in ways that
develop their abilities in reading,
listening, viewing, thinking, speaking,
writing, and using media and
technology.

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Types of Instructional
Materials

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Evaluating Instructional
Materials
• 1. Does the content match the
curriculum?

• 2. Is the content accurate, up to

date, and appropriate for the
students?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Evaluating Instructional
Materials (cont.)
• 3. Do the materials teach and/or
reinforce learning effectively?

• 4. Do these resources enhance

instruction?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Evaluating Instructional
Materials (cont.)
• 5. Is the resource easy for the
teacher and students to use?
• 6. Are the materials of high quality
technically?
• 7. Is the use of this resource
practical for my teaching setting?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Guidelines in the
Selection of IM's
• give a true picture of the ideas they
present

• contribute to the attainment of the

learning objective

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Guidelines in the
Selection of IM's (cont.)
• be appropriate to the age,
intelligence and experience of the
learners

• be in good satisfactory condition

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Guidelines in the
Selection of IM's (cont.)
• provide for a teacher’s guide

• help develop the critical and creative

thinking powers of students

• be worth the time, expense and

effort involved

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
• 1.What instructional material is
suited to my objectives and subject
matter?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 2.What instructional material is
available for my specific lesson? If
there is none, shall I develop one?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 3.Shall I use the traditional
technology or shall I use the
computer-based technology? Am I
ready and are my students ready?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 4.Shall I use multi-media
presentation? Is there a technology-
enabled environment to meet my
needs?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 5.Shall I use the overhead projector
to dramatize my lessons?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 6.Shall I use films? If yes, what
film? Is it really necessary to use
film?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 7.Shall I use recording or audio-video
clip? Why this recording? What can
this recording do better than this
audio-video clip?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 8.Why should I bring my class to the
rice terraces in Banawe when it is
very far, very expensive, and very
risky?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Choosing and Applying of
Educational Technology
(cont.)
• 9.Can I not contrive the experience
in one of the corners of the school
ground? Or can I not let them view
still pictures of the rice terraces and
then ask them to write a description?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Which sentence can you
read with ease?
• the quick
• the quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog

brown fox
jumps over
the lazy dog

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Is there something wrong
with the pictures below?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology (cont.)
• A.SIZE
– Is the material (text or picture) big
enough to be seen by the farthest
pupil/student ?
– Is relativity of size of pictures
observed when it is viewed with other
materials or pictures?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
Which attracts you the
most?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology (cont.)
• B.COLOR
– Is the material colorful?
– Pupils are attracted by bright and dark
colors. And if so, is the choice of colors
life-like and harmonious.
– Does the color facilitate
understanding?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology (cont.)
• C.DURABILITY
– Can the material stand several uses?
– Can it be used over and over again?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology (cont.)
• D. ECONOMY
– Is the material worth its cost?
– Or can a cheaper material in terms of
time spent in preparing it and in terms
of the cash value be used?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology (cont.)
• E. EASY TO HANDLE
– Is the material light and easy to
manipulate? Is it easy to put up and
then store for future use?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology (cont.)
• F .RELEVANCE
– Is it related to the lesson in particular
and to the specific needs, problems, and
experiences the target clientele?
– Is the material up to date?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R
 Criteria In Evaluating
Educational Technology (cont.)
• G.NOVELTY
– Does the material possess and element
of newness?
– Can it arouse the curiosity and a sense
of discovery in the learners?

Emmanuel P. dela Cruz Jr.

EDTC 21 CVSU-R