WORK

When work is
done?
 WHAT IS WORK?
Gaspard Coriolis - called the
product of force and
displacement of the object
that moves under the
influence of that force.
 WHAT IS WORK?

Work is done only when a force

succeeds in moving the object
upon which it acts

W = Fd
 WHAT IS WORK?
Work is a scalar quantity.

Symbol: F? and d?
F = Force and d = distance
Unit: F? and d?
F = Newton (N) and d = meter (m)

Unit of work: Newton.meter (N.m)=Joule (J)

 WHAT IS WORK?
Joule is the unit of work in
honor of James Prescott Joule

1J = 10 ergs = ergon = work

7
SAMPLE PROBLEM

How much work is done by a

shopper in pushing her grocery
cart by a force of 32N through a
distance of 4.5m?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

A 4.0 kg object moves a distance of

7.9 m under the action of a constant
force of 5.6 N. How much work is
done on the object?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

Suppose a woman is pushing a

grocery cart with 500 N force along
the 7 m aisle, how much work is
done in pushing the cart from one
end of the aisle to the other?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

A book of mass 1kg is on the

floor. If the book is lifted from
the floor to the top shelf which is
2 m from the floor, how much
work is done on the book?
 WHAT IS WORK?
When the force F and displacement d
are not parallel to each other, only the
component of the force parallel to the
displacement does work. The work
done is,
W = Fdcos𝜃
SAMPLE PROBLEM

To bring his coconuts to the market,

a distance of 15.0 m from where he
is, a vendor pushes his cart by a force
of 14.0 N applied 30° with the
horizontal. How much work did the
vendor do?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

A shopper does 110.0 J of work in

pushing a shopping cart by a force of
33.0 N through a distance of 8.25 m.
At what angle is the force applied
with respect to the ground?
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
WORK

When is work said to

be positive or
negative?
POSITIVE WORK
If the force or its component during
the work on an object is in the same
direction as the displacement
increasing the speed of the object
NEGATIVE WORK

If the force or its component doing

the work is opposite the direction
of motion
decreases the speed of the object
POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE?

1.Running upstairs
2.Running backward in horizontal
plane
3.Lifting a sack of rice
4.Walking in horizontal plane
5.Running downstairs
SAMPLE PROBLEM

Anna weighs 588 N runs (a)

forward and (b) backward in
horizontal plane. The horizontal
distance is 3.5 m. How much
work is done by gravity?
SAMPLE PROBLEM

Kyle pushes a 50 kg sack of rice across a

level floor by a horizontal force of 35.0
N against a frictional force of 12.0 N. He
succeeded in moving the sack a distance
of 5.0 m. How much work is done by (a)
Kyle, (b) friction, and (c) force of gravity?