IMO’s Conventions

Dr. Trika Pitana

Marine Engineering Dept.
Faculty of Marine Technology
Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
 Outlines
• A Ship
• IMO Convention
IMO Convention

– What is IMO
– Product of IMO (Overview)
• ISPS Code
– Background
– Objective
– Functional Requirement
– Application
 Why it is neccessary to define a ship
• Definition of ship is relating to the governed
regulation.
 Definition and Characteristic
• No universal definition of a ship provided either
by the domestic legistlation or by any source of
international maritime law.
• A ship is defined as any self propelled sea going
vessel used ini international sea borned trade for
the transport of goods, passengers, or both with
exception of vessel less that 500 GRT (United
Nation Convention on Condition for Registration
of Ship, 1986) (For the purpose of ship
registration)
 Definition and Characteristic #2
• Any vessel used for the carriage of goods by sea ( The
Hague Visby Rules)
• Any sea going vessel and seaborne craft of at type
whatsoever constructed or adapted for the carriage of
oil in bulk as cargo provided that a ship capable of
carrying oil and other cargoes shall be regarded as a
ship only when is actually carrying in bulk as cargoe
and during any voyage following suc carriage unless it
is proved that it has no residue of such carriage of oil in
bulk a board (Internation Convention on Civil Liability
for Oil Pollution, 1984)
 Definition and Characteristic #3
• Vessels means any ships or craft or any
structure capable of navigation (Intenational
Convention on Salvage, 1989)
• A ship means any vessel mechanically
propelled registered in a teritory for which
the convention is in force, engage in the
trasnport of cargo or passenger for the
purpose of trade, engage in a voyage at sea (in
most maritime labour convention)
 The charactiristic feature of a vessel
• Traditional meaning, A ship is a floating
structure with its floating capacity partly due
to hollow construction.
• The construction must be intended for, and be
capable of, moving on or throught water.
• The construction must have a certain
minimum dimension.
• The purpose for which it is constructed and
rge business in which it is engaged.
 Definition and Characteristic
• UU no 17 tahun 2008, ttg Pelayaran:
Kapal adalah kendaraan air dengan bentuk dan
jenis tertentu, yang digerakkan dengan tenaga
angin, tenaga mekanik, energi lainnya, ditarik
atau ditunda, termasuk kendaraan yang berdaya
dukung dinamis, kendaraan di bawah
permukaan air, serta alat apung dan bangunan
terapung yang tidak berpindah-pindah.
 Problems
• Floating structure ??
• Hover craft ?? (she could be operated in land
and water)
• WIG (Wing in Ground), it looks like a air plane
rather that a ship. It mostly proceeds in air
rather that in water.
 Review:
1. How many chapters are available in SOLAS
74? Could you mention them?
2. What is the name of certificate for passenger
ship as well as for cargo ship, complying with
SOLAS 74?
3. Which ship is mandatory under SOLAS 74?
 IMO Convention

• What is IMO
IMO Convention

– Special Agency of United Nation (UN) (Perserikatan

Bangsa-Bangsa/PBB) (see www.imo.org)
• Product
– International Convention and Code
– Example:
• Marine Pollution (MARPOL) 73/78
• STCW (Standard Training and Certification of Watch keeping)
• Load Line Convention
• Tonnage Measurement Convention
• Etc
• Indonesia ‘s Status
– Indonesian’s Status
 SOLAS
• Main objective:
IMO Convention

– To specify minimum standard for construction,

equipment and operation of ship
• has 12 articles and 12 chapters
 SOLAS
Chapter I General provisions
Chapter II-1 Construction – Structure, subdivision and
IMO Convention

stability, machinery and electrical installations

Chapter II-2 Construction – Fire protection, fire detection
and fire extinction
Chapter III Life-saving appliances and arrangements
Chapter IV Radiocommunications
ChapterV Safety of navigation
Chapter VI Carriage of cargoes
Chapter VII Carriage of dangerous goods
Chapter VIII Nuclear ships
Chapter IX Management for the safe operation of ships
ChapterX Safety measures for high-speed craft
Chapter XI-1 Special measures to enhance maritime safety
Chapter XI-2 Special measures to enhance maritime security
Chapter XII Additional safety measures for bulk carriers
 Load Lines 1966
• Consist of Annex 1 and 4 chapters
IMO Convention

I. General
II. Condition of Assignment of Freeboard
III. Freeboard
IV. Special Requirement for ship assigned timer
freeboard
 STCW
(Standard of Training, Certification and Watckeeping for Sea Fares

• Basic requirement for training, certification

and Watchkeeping for Sea Fares
IMO Convention

• Consist of 6 chapters
– General Provision
– Master Deck Department
– Engine Department
– Radio Department
– Special requirement for tankers
– Proficiency in survival craft
 MARPOL
• Annex I Marpol, Prevention of Pollution by Oil
IMO Convention

• Annex II Marpol, Regulation for the control of Pollution by

Noxious Liquid Substance
• Annex III Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by
Harmfull Substance Carried by Sea in Package Form
• Annex IV Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution
by Sewage from Ship
• Annex V Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Pollution by
Garbage from Ship
• Annex VI Marpol, Regulation for the Prevention of Air
Pollution from Ship
 ISM Code
• To stimulate safety consciousness and a
IMO Convention

systematic approach in every part of the

organization
• The code does not describe in detail how the
company should undertake safety
management system
• Consist of 13 chapters
 ISM Code
Objective and Policy
Chaper 1
IMO Convention

• Provide safe practice, establish safe guard and continuously improved skill
– Requirements
• Compliance with rules and regulations
Control
• Chapter 3 – Company resposibility and Authority
• Chapter 4 – Designated Person
• Chapter 6 – Resources and Personel
• Chapter 7 – Development of Plans for shipboard operation
• Chapter 8 – Emergency Preparedness
• Chapter 10 – Maintenance of the ships and equipments
 ISM Code
Safety Management System
• Chapter 11 – Documentation - Safety Management System
IMO Convention

Implementation of control
• Chapter 5 – Master responsibility and authority
Monitoring of the system
• Chapter 9 – Report and Analysis of non – confirmation
• Chapter 12 – Company Verification, revie and evaluation
The Periodic System Review
• Chapter 13 – Certification, Verification and Control
 Safety vs. Security
• maritime safety:protection against accidents
at sea that may be caused by substandard
ships, unqualified crew, or operator error.”
ISPS Code

• maritime security:protection against terrorist

attacks, seizure, sabotage, piracy, pilferage,
and other security incidents
• (Mejia,M, Port and Maritime Security
Seminar, 2004)
ISPS Code

Source: SECURITY IN MARTIME TRANSPORT: RISK FACTORS AND ECONOMIC IMPACT,

OECD, 2003
https://www.icc-ccs.org/index.php/piracy-reporting-
centre/live-piracy-map/piracy-map-2016
 ISPS Code
• Stand For:
– International Ship and Port Facility Security Code
ISPS Code

Objective:
• to establish an international framework involving co-operation
between Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local
administrations and the shipping and port industries to detect
security threats and take preventive measures against security
incidents affecting ships or port facilities used in international
trade;
• to establish the respective roles and responsibilities of the
Contracting Governments, Government agencies, local
administrations and the shipping and port industries, at the
national and international level for ensuring maritime security;
 Objective
• to ensure the early and efficient collection and
exchange of security-related information;
• to provide a methodology for security
ISPS Code

assessments so as to have in place plans and

procedures to react to changing security
levels; and
• to ensure confidence that adequate and
proportionate maritime security measures
are in place.
 Functional Requirement
• Gathering and assessing information with respect to security
threats and exchanging such information with appropriate
contracting governments;
• Requiring the maintenance of communication protocols for ships
ISPS Code

and port facilities;

• Preventing unauthorized access to ships, port facilities and their
restricted areas;
• Preventing the introduction of unauthorized weapons, incendiary
devices or explosives to ships or port facilities;
• Providing means for raising the alarm in reaction to security threats
or security incidents;
• Requiring ship and port facility security plans based upon security
assessments; and
• Requiring training, drills and exercises to ensure familiarity with
security plans and procedures.
 Application
• the following types of ships engaged on
international voyages:
– passenger ships, including high-speed passenger
ISPS Code

craft;
– cargo ships, including high-speed craft, of 500
gross tonnage and upwards; and
– mobile offshore drilling units; and
• port facilities serving such ships engaged on
international voyages.
 What are ISPS code covered?
• Contracting Govts (sec 4 + para 4)
• Recognized Security Organization (RSO) (sec 4, para 4.3-4.6)
• The company (sec 6 + para 6)
ISPS Code

• The ship (sec 7-9 + para 8-9)

• Ship Security Assessment (SSA) (sec 8)
• Ship Security Plan (SSP) (sec 9)
• Port facility (sec 14-16 + para 15-16)
• Company Security Officer (CSO) (sec 11)
• Ship Security Officer (SSO) (sec 12)
• Port Facility Security (PFS) (sec 14)
• Port Facility Security Assessment (PFSA) (sec 15)
• Port Facility Security Officer (PFSO) (sec 17 + para 17)
ISPS Code
ISPS Code

(Mejia,M, Port and Maritime Security Seminar, 2004)

 Port Facility Security

Port Facility Security

ISPS Code

Assessment

Port Facility
Port Facility Security Plan Security
Officer

Statement of Compliance
of a Port Facility
 Thank you….

Any Question?? Very much welcome