‡ Chemical Engineer (2004-2008)

(university of the Punjab, Lahore)

‡ Experience
‡ Joined Pakarab Fertilizer in august 2008

From September 2008 to July 2009

‡ At Nitro Phosphate Plant as Graduate Trainee Engineer

From July 2009 to present

‡ At CO2 liquefaction Plant as Shift Engineer
‡ Introduction
‡ What is liquefaction?
‡ Raw CO2 composition
‡ Process Flow Diagram
‡ Major Equipments
‡ Refrigeration System
‡ Applications of CO2
‡ Customers of CO2
‡ Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas & plays a
vital role in global warming. With liquefaction the
CO2 emission from Ammonia plant will reduce
considerably.
‡ Pakarab is committed to produce high quality &
high purity liquid CO2 for Beverage & Food
Industries to meet the International standards
and demand of CO2 especially in Pakistan.
‡ The Plant is designed for the recovery of purified, high
pressure liquid CO2 from impure, low pressure CO2
gas (byproduct) from the ammonia plant.
‡ It has PLC(SCADA) based control system.
‡ Detailed engineering & design by Wittemann company,
USA.
‡ Design Capacity 192 MTPD
‡ Storage capacity 500 MT
‡ Purity 99.99 %
‡ The liquefaction of gases is a complicated process
that uses various compressions and expansions to
achieve high pressures and very low temperatures
Liquids.
‡ The process of refrigerating a gas to a temperature
below its critical temperature so that liquid can be
formed at some suitable pressure, also below the
critical pressure.
Component Feed Gas Product Liquid
CO2 97-98 % 99.99 %
H2O 1-1.5 % 0
CO 0.004063 % 0.000204 %
N2 0.579 % 0.012 %
Ar 0.15 % 0.046415 %
H2 0.5 % 0
Acetaldehyde 0.004 % 0
Methanol 0.0055 % 0
Benzene 0.000001 % 0
Three kind of impurities are present in raw CO2

‡ Moisture

‡ Water soluble

‡ Non-condensable gases
‡ Screw Compressors
‡ Knock Out Drums
‡ Coolers
‡ Condenser
‡ Evaporative Condenser
‡ Dryer
‡ Scrubber
‡ Stripper
‡ Online analyzer
‡ The single screw oil lubricated
compressor is a rotary, positive
displacement compressor which
incorporates a main screw and two
gaterotors.
‡ Range 100psig-350psig
‡ Easy capacity control
‡ Less moving parts
‡ Less maintenance cost
Single Screw Compressor
 Oil circuit of the screw compressor

Filter
‡ Removes water soluble impurities
‡ Counter Current Flow of Gas
‡ Water Level Control
‡ Flow control of raw water
‡ Removes moisture
‡ Deflective Plate
‡ Demister pad
‡ Auto drain system
‡ Single pass shell and tube heat exchangers
‡ Level control of refrigerant
‡ Refrigerant Pressure Control
K

Activated Carbon
Selexsorb CD
Molecular Sieve
Features
AMLOC Probe
Dew Point Analyzer
‡ Stripping of impure liquid CO2 is carried out by
counter current flowing pure CO2 vapors from
reboiler
‡ CO2 gas venting from top is recondensed by reflux
condenser
It consist of following analyzers

‡ Total Hydrocarbon analyzer

‡ Oxygen analyzer
‡ Sulfur analyzer
‡ Moisture analyzer
This system includes
‡ Two Screw Compressors
‡ Evaporative Condenser
‡ Receiver
‡ Expansion valves
‡ Evaporators (Exchangers)
_
 

‡ Cooling Coils
‡ Drift Eliminator
‡ Air Inlet Louvers
‡ Induced Draft Fan
‡ Distribution Nozzles
‡ Beverages
‡ Dry Ice
‡ Food preservation
‡ Urea Manufacturing
‡ Fire Extinguishing
Liquid CO2 is supplied to the customers in mobile tankers

‡ One10 MT Mobile Tanker

‡ Four 20 MT Mobile Tanker
‡ Pepsi Cola Internationals Pakistan

‡ Lahore
‡ Multan
‡ Karachi
‡ Hyderabad
‡ Islamabad
‡ Rawalpindi
‡ Coco Cola company Pakistan
‡ Multan
‡ Gujranwala
‡ Lahore
‡ Rahim Yar Khan
‡ Pak Gases Limited Multan
‡ Bolan Castings Hub
‡ National Gases Karachi
‡ Ice Berg Limited Karachi
:uestio
ns
Thanks