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1
Arrays - Introduction
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1 61
index
2 70
3 89 values
4 23
5 10
6 9
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Declaration of Arrays
Like any other variables, arrays must declared and created before
they can be used. Creation of arrays involve three steps:
Declare the array
Create storage area in primary memory.
Put values into the array (i.e., Memory location)
Declaration of Arrays:
Form 1:
Type arrayname[]
Form 2:
Type [] arrayname;
Examples:
int[] students;
int students[];
Note: we don’t specify the size of arrays in the declaration.
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Creation of Arrays
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Initialisation of Arrays
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Arrays – Length
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Arrays – Example
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Two Dimensional Arrays
Two dimensional
Item1 Item2 Item3
Sold
Table contains 12
items, we can think Salesgirl #3 200 32 1
of this as a matrix
consisting of 4 rows Salesgirl #4 10 200 4
and 3 columns.
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2D arrays manipulations
Declaration:
int myArray [][];
Creation:
myArray = new int[4][3]; // OR
int myArray [][] = new int[4][3];
Initialisation:
Single Value;
myArray[0][0] = 10;
Multiple values:
int tableA[2][3] = {{10, 15, 30}, {14, 30, 33}};
int tableA[][] = {{10, 15, 30}, {14, 30, 33}};
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Variable Size Arrays
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Try: Write a program to Add to Matrix
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Arrays of Objects
Circle[] circleArray;
circleArray = new Circle[25];
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String Operations in Java
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Introduction
String manipulation is the most common operation performed in Java
programs. The easiest way to represent a String (a sequence of
characters) is by using an array of characters.
Example:
char place[] = new char[4];
place[0] = ‘J’;
place[1] = ‘a’;
place[2] = ‘v’;
place[3] = ‘a’;
Although character arrays have the advantage of being able to query their
length, they themselves are too primitive and don’t support a range of
common string operations. For example, copying a string, searching for
specific pattern etc.
Recognising the importance and common usage of String manipulation in
large software projects, Java supports String as one of the fundamental
data type at the language level. Strings related book keeping operations
(e.g., end of string) are handled automatically.
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String Operations in Java
StringTokenizer Class
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String Class
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Strings Basics
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String operations and Arrays
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String class - Constructors
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String – Some useful operations
public int length() Returns the length of the
string.
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String Class - example
// StringDemo.java: some operations on strings
class StringDemo {
public static void main(String[] args)
{
String s = new String("Have a nice Day");
// String Length = 15
System.out.println("String Length = " + s.length() );
}
}
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StringDemo Output
String Length = 15
Modified String = Have a Nice Day
Converted to Uppercase = HAVE A NICE DAY
Converted to Lowercase = have a nice day
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Summary
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