PRESTRESSED CONCRETE

What is Prestressed Concrete?

• It is a method of applying pre-compression to control
the stresses resulting due to external loads below the
neutral axis of the beam.

• Pre-compression resulting either no tension or

compression.
• is a method for overcoming concrete's natural
weakness in tension.
Principle
• Pre-stressingof
is apre-stressing:
method in which compression force is applied to the
reinforced concrete section.
• The effect of pre stressing is to reduce the tensile stress in the section to
the point till the tensile stress is below the cracking stress. Thus the
concrete does not crack.
• It is then possible to treat concrete as a elastic material.
• The concrete can be visualized to have two compressive force
i . Internal pre-stressing force.
ii . External forces (d.l , l.l etc )
• These two forces must counteract each other.
 Materials for pre-stress concrete
1. Cement,
2. Concrete,
3. Steel.

Cement:
# Ordinary portland cement,
# Portland slag cement,
# Rapid hardening portland cement,
# High strength ordinary portland cement.
# Concrete:
Pre-stress concrete requires high strength concrete, which
has high compressive strength comparatively higher tensile strength
than ordinary concrete.
The concrete is a material should be compose of gravels
or crushed stones, sand, cement.
In pre-stress concrete minimum grade of concrete M20.
#Steel:
High tensile steel, tendons, strands.
In pre-stress concrete high tensile steel with tensile
strength around 2000MPa.

According to IS: 1343-1980 prestress concrete is design

# Concrete:
Pre-stress concrete requires high strength concrete, which
has high compressive strength comparatively higher tensile strength
than ordinary concrete.
The concrete is a material should be compose of gravels
or crushed stones, sand, cement.
In pre-stress concrete minimum grade of concrete M20.
#Steel:
High tensile steel, tendons, strands.
In pre-stress concrete high tensile steel with tensile
strength around 2000MPa.

According to IS: 1343-1980 prestress concrete is design

Advantages of pre-stressed concrete.
• Factory products are possible.
• Pre-stressed member are tested before use.
• Dead load are get counter balanced by eccentric pre-stressing
• It has high ability to resist the impact.
• It has high fatigue resistance.
• It has high live load carrying capacity.
• It free from cracks from service loads and enable entire section to take
part in resisting moments.
• Member are free from the tensile stresses.
 Disadvantages of pre-stressed concrete.

• Required skilled builders & experienced engineers.

• Initial equipment cost is very high.
• Availability of experienced engineers is less.
• Required complicated formwork.
• It requires high strength concrete & steel.
• Pre-stressed concrete is less fiber resistant.
Pre-stressed Concrete: Methods
• There are two basic methods of applying pre-
stress to a concrete member

• Pre-tensioning – most often used in factory

situations

• Post-tensioning – site use

PRE–TENSIONING
PRE–TENSIONING is a method of pre-stressing concrete in
which the tendons are tensioned before the concrete is placed. In this
method, the concrete is introduced by bond between steel &
concrete.

The beams or elements are constructed on a stressing bed and stranded

cable is placed between two but- tresses anchored to a stressing bed
which holds the force in the stretched cables.

After stretching the steel with hydraulic jacks, concrete is placed in

forms around the cables and allowed to harden. When the concrete
reaches sufficient strength, the pre-stress forced is transferred to the
concrete by bond when the steel strand at the ends of the beam is cut
loose from but-tresses.
Pre-stress Concrete members:
CEMENT
The cement used should be any of the following:
(a) Ordinary Portland cement
(b) Portland slag cement.
(c) Rapid hardening Portland cement.
(d) High strength ordinary Portland cement.
CONCRETE
Pre-stress concrete requires concrete, which has a high
compressive strength reasonably early age with comparatively
higher tensile strength than ordinary concrete. The concrete for
the members shall be air-entrained concrete
STEEL
High tensile steel , tendons , strands or cables.
(a) Plain hard-drawn steel wire
(b) Cold drawn indented wire
(c) High tensile steel wire bar.
(d) Uncoated stress relived strand.
High strength steel contains:
0.7 to 0.8% carbons,
0.6% manganese,
0.1% silica
METHODS OF PRE–TENSIONING
1) Anchoring the tendons against the end abutments.
2) Placing of jacks.
3) Applying tension to the tendons.
4) Casting of concrete.
5) Cutting of the tendons.