Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Processes
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Objectives
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Chapter 3: Processes .,
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• Process Concept
– What is a process?
– What are the components of a process?
– What are the differences between a program and a process?
– How does the operating system manage processes?
• Operations on Processes
• Communication in Client-Server
Systems
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Introduction
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Introduction '&
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Process Concept
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The Process
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ax
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The Process .,
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The Process
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Difference between a program and a proce s s?
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Difference between a program and a proce s s?
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Process State .,
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Diagram of Process State
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Process State .,
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Process Control Block (PCB)
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Process Control Block (PCB) .,
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• Memory-management information
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Process Control Block (PCB) .,
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proce state
ss numb
proces
er
s
count
progra
registe
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rs
m
memo limit
ry s
list of file
open s
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Process Scheduling
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Process Scheduling .,
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• The objective of
multiprogramming is to have some
process running at all times, in
order to maximize CPU utilization
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Process Scheduling .,
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Process Scheduling .,
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Scheduling Queues
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Schedulers '&
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Schedulers '&
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Schedulers '&
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Schedulers '&
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Schedulers (Cont.) '&
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I/O Bound/ CPU bound '&
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I/O Bound/ CPU bound '&
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processes
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Addition of Medium Term '& Strathmor
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Scheduling
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Addition of Medium Term Scheduling .,
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sw I partially swa
ap n executed
swapp proce p out
ed-out sses
'"
----- ready I-~~~ C ' - e
--~ ~I......---""'"
queue P -~ n
U d
~II/O~~ 1/0 1
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Scheduling
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Context Switch
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Context Switch
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Operations on Processes '&
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1.Process Creation
2.Process Termination
3.Inter-process communication
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Process Creation '&
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Process Creation '&
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Process Creation '&
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Process Creation .,
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Process Creation '&
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Process Creation '&
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Process Creation '&
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Process Creation '&
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Process Creation '&
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Inter -process Communication '&
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Inter -process Communication .,
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process
-M process
Two ways of A - r----
A
passing data shared memory
0 1I'
between
process
-M..... process
programs. B -2 ...
.. B
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2 1
kernel M kernel
Message Passing
- Shared Memory
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Reading Assignment
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Process Termination
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Process Termination
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Process Termination
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Process Termination
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Process Termination
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Reading Assignment .,
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