PURE SUBSTANCES:

ELEMENTS AND
COMPOUNDS
PURE SUBSTANCES
• defined as substances that are made of only one type of atom or only
one type of molecule (a group of atoms bonded together).
• defined as any single type of material that has not been contaminated
by another substance.
• It can be a compound or a single element.
CHARACTERISTIC PROPERTIES OF PURE
SUBSTANCE
cannot be separated into two or more
substances by physical or mechanical means.
homogeneous
has a constant chemical composition.
ELEMENT
• What is Element?
simplest form of pure substance.
they cannot be broken into something else by
physical or chemical means.
The smallest particle of element that has the properties
of the element is called an ATOM.
PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
• a tool that aids in identifying the physical and chemical properties of
an element.
CHEMICAL SYMBOLS
ATOMIC SIZE
METALLIC & NON METALLIC PROPERTIES
Periods or Series
the rows or horizontal arrangement in the periodic table.

Groups
columns or vertical arrangement in the periodic table.
Group of Elements and their Family Names
Group Family Names

IA Alkali metals
IIA Alkaline earth metals
IIIA Boron family
IVA Carbon family
VA Nitrogen family
VIA Oxygen family
VIIA Halogen family
VIIIA Noble gases
ORIGIN OF NAMES OF ELEMENTS
ORIGIN Name Symbol Basis
Pre-chemical names carbon C Carbonis (Greek)
copper Cu Cuprum (Latin)
gold Au
lead Pb Aurum (Sanskrit)
silver Ag Plumbum (Uncertain)
Argentum (Latin)
Names of celestial cerium Ce Ceres (1st asteriod discovered)
bodies helium He Helios (Sun)
neptunium Np
plutonium Pu Neptune (Planet)
tellurium Te Pluto (Planet)
Tellus (Earth)
ORIGIN Name Symbol Basis

Names of arsenic As Arsenikus (brave male)

mythological cobalt Co Kobold (evil spirits)
entities nickel Ni
thorium Th Nickel (devil)
tungsten W Thor (god of war)
Wolfram (wolf)
Names of aluminum Al Alumen (alum)
minerals/ores boron B Borah (borax)
calcium Ca
fluorine L Calx (chalk)
silicon Si Fluor Lapis (Fluorspar)
Sitex (flint/hards stone)
ORIGIN Name Symbol Basis

Names of color cesium Cs Caesus (bluish gray)

chlorine Cl Khloros (yellow green)
indium In
iridium Ir Indicum (indigo)
rhodium Rh Iris (violet)
Rhodon (rose)
Geographical Americium Am University of California,
names/workplaces of Berkelium Bk Berkeley, USA
discoveries Californium Cf Winkler, Germany
Germanium Ge
Polonium Po Marie Curie, Poland