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HUAWEI RNP 28th JUNE 2013
A network basically consists of four layers, namely, Umbrella, Macro, Micro, and
Pico. Cell priorities influence the sorting of neighboring cells during handovers as
well as handover algorithms including PBGT and inter-layer handovers. For
example, PBGT handovers can only occur among cells on a same layer and of a
same priority level. If you assign different layers and priorities to a 1800-M cell and
a 900-M cell, PBGT handovers from the 1800-M cell to the 900-M cell will not occur.
This causes slow handovers even when the receive quality is good.
Layer where a cell is located. The network designed by Huawei has four layers:
1. Umbrella (layer 4)
2. Macro (layer 3)
3. Micro (layer 2)
4. Pico(layer 1)
In Indosat, most of GSM/DCS sites are in Layers 1, 2 and 3, the recommended setting is Macro G900
Layer 3 and Macro DCS1800 Layer 2; IBS site Layer 1
With a mixture of small and large cells, both high capacity and good coverage
can be achieved. The reasons for building micro cells and indoor cells and
giving priority to them can be illustrated by the following examples:
Site acquisition is easier if the base station is small and the antenna
position is low. The low site cost reduces the pay-off time for the site
implementation. Usually, small cells with low output power require traffic
distribution mechanism to make them carry more traffic.
Interference is often easier to avoid in a confined area. Therefore a small
cell may provide better quality even though the it is not the strongest
cell.
Traffic in a cell with low output power and low or indoor antenna position
creates less interference than the traffic in a macro cell causes.
To fully utilize the network capacity, a mixture of overlapping small and large
cells requires a mechanism to decide the appropriate condition for using the
small cells, due to interference or noise.
For the Traffic Balancing between G900 and DCS1800, there are several strategies in different phase
when calling.
In Idle mode: can control the Cell Selection and Reselection to make the MS camping priority in
DCS1800 In Call setup phase: Direct Retry can be triggered to reduce the G900 cell congestion,
make the call transfer to DCS1800
In dedicated mode: Layering Handover and Load HO algorithm to transfer traffic to Idle
DCS1800 cells
Layer
GSM900Priority: ID=OD>MD>MG
GSM 900 GSM 900 GSM 900
Cell Layer 3
In summary, the two main factors in determining C1 are the strength of the received
signal and the transmission power the MS is capable of. C1 alone is only used for
cell selection. When a MS is already camped on a cell and it wants to move to another
cell it will reselect it. Cell reselection uses a different criteria C2.
There are many parameters involved in selection and reselection of a new cell. The MS must ensure it is
getting the best signal and the network must ensure that the MS does not cause unneeded strain on the
network by switching cells when unnecessary or undesired. Page 13
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
Idle mode Cell Selection and Reselection
Cell Reselection Offset (CRO)
CRO is a value from 0 to 63. Each step represents a 2 dBm step (0 to 126 dBm). This
value is added to C1. A higher CRO value will make the cell more attractive to the
MS. The higher the CRO, the more attractive the cell will be.
The network might assign a CRO value to a cell if the network wanted to encourage
mobile stations to utilize that cell. The network might want to do this in order to reduce
the load on other cells during times of high traffic volume or to force MS's to a certain
band.
Recommended Setting: 10 to 15
measurement.
2G 2G 2G
3G to 2G HO base on the Coverage.
Cell- Reselection
Related Parameter and Recommender Setting Inter-RAT handover (3G
to 2G)
INTERRATCELLRESELEN INTERRATCELLRESELEN Yes This parameter specifies whether the reselection from 2G cells to 3G cells is allowed.
INTERRATOUTBSCHOEN Inter-RAT Out BSC Handover Enable No This parameter specifies whether the handover from 2G cells to 3G cells is allowed.
INTERRATINBSCHOEN Inter-RAT In BSC Handover Enable Yes This parameter specifies whether the handover from 3G cells to 2G cells is allowed.
INTERRATCELLRESELEN Inter-RAT Cell Reselection Enable Yes This parameter specifies whether the reselection from 2G cells to 3G cells is allowed.
QI Qsearch I 7 (Always) This parameter specifies the level threshold for cell reselection in idle mode.
0 :-∞(always select a
A 3G cell can be a candidate cell only when the average receive level of the 3G cell is
FDDQOFF FDD Q Offset cell if acceptable)
greater than the value of this parameter of the current serving cell.
Minimum level threshold of UTRAN cell reselection. During the cell reselection decision
FDDRSCPMIN FDD RSCP Min. 6 (-102dBm) from a GSM cell to a FDD cell, this parameter is used to calculate the RSCP threshold of the
target cell.
This parameter specifies whether Ec/No or RSCP is used for the measurement report on a
FDDREP FDD REP QUANT RSCP/ECNO FDD cell. Ec/No stands for the signal-to-noise ratio. RSCP stands for the received signal
code power.
This parameter specifies one of the thresholds of the signal level for 3G cell reselection. A
FDDQMIN FDD Qmin 7 (-12dB) 3G cell can be selected as a candidate cell only when the receive level of the 3G cell is
greater than the value of this parameter.
FDDQMINOFFSET FDD Qmin Offset 0 (DB) Offset of the minimum threshold for Ec/No during a FDD cell reselection.
This parameter specifies one threshold of the signal level for cell reselection in packet
QP Qsearch P 15 :∞(never)
transfer mode.
In connection mode, if the signal level is below [0-7] or above [8-15], the MS starts to
QSEARCHC Qsearch C 15:∞(never)
search for 3G cells.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential
Page 18
IBS Traffic Balancing Strategy
MS and BTS
TARGET B measurements
COMMON PARAMETERS
- DLQUALIMIT/ ULQUALIMIT
- DLQUALIMITAMRFR/
ULQUALIMITAMRFR
- DLQUALIMITAMRHR/
ULQUALIMITAMRHR
- ULEDGETHRES/ DLEDGETHRE
- HOTHRES/ LEVHOHYST
/ INTELEVHOHYST
- PBGTMARGIN
EDGE HANDOVER
Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold (DLEDGETHRES): If the DL receive level remains lower than the
Edge HO DL RX_LEV Threshold for a period, the edge handover is triggered. If the PBGT handover is
enabled, the relevant edge handover threshold can be decreased.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47 dBm).
Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold (ULEDGETHRES) : If the UL receive level remains lower than the
Edge HO UL RX_LEV Threshold for a period, the edge handover is triggered. If the PBGT handover is
enabled, the relevant edge handover threshold can be decreased.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47 dBm).
Impact: If this parameter is set to a large value, handovers cannot be performed in a timely
manner, causing call drops. If this parameter is set to a small value, unnecessary handovers are
triggered, affecting voice quality.
• Edge HO Criterion:
In N seconds, when there are P seconds that
neighbor cell’s DL or MS’s UL signal level is lower than
the Edge HO threshold. Then the criterion is met and
Edge HO occurs. This method utilizes the P/N rule.
• Requirement for the Service cell: Higher Priority
The Serving cell‘s Rx_Lev < Edge HO Threshold DCS GSM
ULEDGETHRES DLEDGETHRES
Setting Value 10 16
dBm -100 -94
Inter-layer handover threshold of the serving cell <= Inter-layer HO threshold - Inter-layer HO
Hysteresis;
Inter-layer handover threshold of a neighboring cell >= Inter-layer HO Threshold + Adjacent Cell
Inter-layer HO Hysteresis – 64.
• PBGT HO Criterions :
Target cell’s path loss is smaller than the serving cell’s path loss
by the PBGT threshold value.
Satisfying the P/N rule.
• Note :
PBGT HO can only occur between same-priority cell. If the
system permits PBGT HO for the cell, PBGT HO can occur in
either inter-BSC or inter-MSC.
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47 dBm).
Min DL Level on Candidate Cell (HOCDCMINDWPWR) : This parameter specifies the minimum
downlink receive level of a neighbor cell.
Expected downlink level of the neighbor cell >= (Minimum downlink power of the candidate cell for
handover + Minimum access level offset)
The value of this parameter ranges from 0 to 63 (corresponding to -110 dBm to -47 dBm).
If the downlink received signal level of a neighbor cell is greater than "Min DL Level on
Candidate Cell" plus "Min Access Level Offset", the neighbor cell can be listed in the
candidate cell queue for handover
HOCDCMINUPPWR +
Target Cell Rxlev MINOFFSET Candidate?
MINOFFSET
Above condition shows the coverage area of the GSM cell have peak samples at TA= 3,4 & 5.
For DCS, most of the samples are captured near the site at TA=0 (0-550meters)
Applying aggressive parameter settings (i.e. CRO, Inter layer HO) will not result to significant traffic
movement due to coverage limitation at the DCS cell.
Recommendation: Reducing the tilt at the colo DCS cell is required to cover a larger area and to
achieve traffic balance between the two systems.
HO parameter Physical
change (EDGE, Change –
HOTHRES) tempo sites
(to continue in
Inter layer (HOTHRES) Physical Physical W23)
parameter change Physical
Change – Change – Change –
11 Cells 32 Cells 7 Cells Parameter
Change
Note: Percentage of DCS traffic already at 68%. (for whole BALI NETWORK)
HO parameter Physical
change (EDGE, Change –
HOTHRES) tempo sites
(to continue in
Inter layer (HOTHRES) Physical Physical W23)
parameter change Physical
Change – Change – Change –
11 Cells 32 Cells 7 Cells Parameter
Change
Note: Percentage of DCS traffic already at 75%. (for sites with colo GSM/DCS)