PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

Hi Russ! Do you still remember the

process of digestion in our body?
Bobby

Sorry Bob…I’ve forgot. Russell

Can you recall back??
I wrote down it down in my
notebook.

Click on the notebook to recall.

 PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

1
The flow of food starts in
the mouth.
? Then, food 2

passes into esophagus,?

3
stomach,
? small intestine,
?

large intestine
? and 4

rectum.
? Finally, excreted 5
from the anus.?
6

Click on the numbers to check answers. 7

Russell’s notebook
 <INTRODUCTION>

Bravo! Since we remembered the organs in the

human digestive system and already learned
about their respective functions in the previous
lesson,
now we are going to learn something new.
 What happen to the food that been digested (nutrient)?

How about the undigested food?

How the nutrient can be transported into our cells?

What is the uses of these nutrients?

^^LEARNING STANDARD^^
By the end of this lesson, you
will be able to:

i. Explain the absorption of the

end products of digestion.
ii. Relate the function of digestive
system, blood circulatory
system and respiratory system.
iii. Elaborate and communicate
about defecation.
 3.4 PROCESS OF ABSORPTION &
TRANSPORTATION OF DIGESTED FOOD &
DEFECATION

Anatomy &
Absorption Function of Transport Assimilation Defecation
Villi ation
Write your ideas regarding absorption,
transporting of digested food and defecation

BUBBLE MAP
4/3/19 8
 3.4 PROCESS OF ABSORPTION &
TRANSPORTATION OF DIGESTED FOOD &
DEFECATION
GALLERY WALK
Anatomy &
Absorption Function of Transport Assimilation Defecation
Villi ation
PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE

You have learned about the

process of absorption .

Now, we will see how are the

villi in our small intestines
adapted for the process of food
absorption.
 ANATOMY &
FUNCTIONS OF
VILLI
1 The anatomy of villi

<INTRODUCTION>

This is the enlarged view of our small intestines.

Click on the
magnifying
glass to see
the
anatomical
view.

Enlarged view
Normal view

SKIP
1 The anatomy of villi

<INTRODUCTION>

This is the anatomical view of our small intestines.

Click on the
magnifying
glass to see
the interior
view.
Normal view
Enlarged view
1 The anatomy of villi

<INTRODUCTION>

This is the interior view of our small intestines.

Enlarged view

Click on the
magnifying
glass to see
Normal view
the
magnified Anatomical view
view.
1 The anatomy of villi

<INTRODUCTION>

Anatomical view
This is the magnified view of our small intestines.

Now that you

have seen the
Normal view
different views
of our small
intestines, click
NEXT to start
our lesson.
Interior view

Enlarged view
1 The anatomy of villi

+LESSON+

A Closer Look microvilli

The is the epithelial Epithelial cells

cells of the villi.

The microscopic
projections are called
microvilli.
Label!
1 The anatomy of villi

+LESSON+

A Closer Look Only one

Network of
blood cell thick
This is a villus. capillaries

Epithelial
They are very thin-walled cells

and only one cell thick. Lacteal

They contain a network of Blood

Vessels
blood capillaries.
Lymphatic
Label! vessel
1 The anatomy of villi

+LESSON+

A Closer Look

Villi

The villi are numerous Inside ileum

in the internal surface

area of ileum.

Label! Outside ileum

are glucose, amino acids, vitamin, minerals and fats absorbed by our body?

villus
Epithelium
cell

Network of
blood
capillaries

Lacteal

4/3/19 19
are glucose, amino acids, vitamin, minerals and fats absorbed by our body?

Epithelium
cell

Network of
blood
capillaries

Lacteal

4/3/19 20
are glucose, amino acids, vitamin, minerals and fats absorbed by our body?

Epithelium
cell

Network of
blood
capillaries

Lacteal

4/3/19 21
are glucose, amino acids, vitamin, minerals and fats absorbed by our body?

Epithelium
cell

Network of
blood
capillaries

Lacteal

4/3/19 22
VILLUS
2 The function of villi

+LESSON+

Now that you have learned about

the anatomy of villi,
let us see how
some of the characteristic of the villi
contribute to the process of absorption.

ENTER
2 The function of villi

+LESSON+

Mouse over the structure to relate it to their functions

2 The function of villi

+LESSON+

The numerous villi

increase the internal surface
area
of the ileum. Thus, promoting absorption.
Mouse over the structure to relate it to their functions
2 The function of villi

+LESSON+

The network of Special structure

blood capillaries… (lacteal)… …
…
for absorbing
for the efficient fatty acids and
transport of glycerol.
digested food.
Mouse over the structure to relate it to their functions
2 The function of villi

+LESSON+

The one cell thick characteristic

helps undigested food to

be absorbed rapidly

Mouse over the structure to relate it to their functions

 %E-TEST%
Q1 of 3

Follow the instructions given. After one instruction done,

click on the TICK to check your answer. Then the next
instruction will appear.

Take out a piece of paper and a pencil.

Draw a simple diagram of a villus.
%ANSWERS%
Q1 of 3
 %E-TEST%
Q2 of 3

Follow the instructions given. After one instruction done,

click on the TICK to check your answer. Then the next
instruction will appear.

Take out a piece of paper and a pencil.

Draw a simple diagram of a villus.
Label the villus with the components
provided below.
 %ANSWERS%
Q2 of 3

Epithelial cell
Network of
Capillaries

Blood vessels Lacteal

Did you get

the correct
answers?
 %E-TEST%
Q3 of 3

Follow the instructions given. After one instruction done,

click on the TICK to check your answer. Then the next
instruction will appear.

Take out a piece of paper and a pencil.

Draw a simple diagram of a villus.
Label the villus with the components
provided below.
Write out the functions of the network of
blood capillaries and lacteal.
 %ANSWERS%
Q3 of 3

Epithelial cell
Network of
Capillaries

for the Lacteal

efficient
transport of
digested food.
 %E-TEST%

Follow the instructions given. After one instruction done,

click on the TICK to check your answer. Then the next
instruction will appear.

Take out a piece of paper and a pencil.

Draw a simple diagram of a villus.
Label the villus with the components
provided below.
Write out the functions of the network of
blood capillaries and lacteal.

You have successfully answer the three questions.

(One cell thick)

Lacteal
are glucose, amino acids, vitamin, minerals and fats absorbed by our body?
5 Of 12
In the network of blood capillaries

Glucose & amino acids

which have diffused
through the epithelial
cells are absorbed into
the blood Absorbed
nutrients

Animation
are glucose, amino acids, vitamin, minerals and fats absorbed by our body?
9 Of 12
In the lacteal

The lipids droplets are

absorbed into the
lacteals to be
transported.

Animation
are glucose, amino acids, vitamin, minerals and fats absorbed by our body?
11 Of 12
In the lacteal
The
The fluid carrying fat lymphatic
enters the lymphatic system

system.
Why fats have different
absorption area with amino
acid and glucose?
What is the function of
(because fats is not water lymphatic system in our
soluble, it must enter the body?
lymphatic system first before
being absorb into blood To transport white blood
stream) cells
ASSIMILATION
The process of distributing the end
products of digestion
for the use of the
cells in our body
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
1 Of 11

INTRODUCTION

Assimilation takes place in

the cells where the
nutrients are used The process of
assimilation in
the cells
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
2 Of 11

Process in the cells

Amino Acids

Glucose
Nutrients are used
Lipids in cells for body’s
Click on the nutrients to see needs.
the assimilation process
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
3 Of 11

Process in the cells 1

Synthesis of
new
Amino Acids component
of cells

Amino acids which enter the

cells are used for:
i. Synthesis of new component Repair
of cells (nucleus, cytoplasm) damaged
tissues
ii. Repair damaged tissues 2

Animation
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
5 Of 11

Process in the cells During cellular respiration… …

Glucose
When the glucose molecules
reach the body cells, they are
oxidised to release energy ATP
during cellular respiration.

ATP ATP

Animation
How glucose is
used to produce
energy?
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
6 Of 11

Process in the cells Energy

ATP
Glucose
Energy is required for various
chemical processes take place
in the cell.

Can you name the examples? Synthesis

of proteins

Muscle
Examples of
Contraction
Chemical processes
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
9 Of 11

Process in the cells

Lipids Act as
cushions
Fats are stored around that
the organs. protect
organs
Why do we need fats around from
our organs? injuries
Function of fats
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
10 Of 11

Process in the cells Excess fats

Lipids
Stored
Excess fats are stored in in the
the adipose tissue adipose
underneath the skin. tissue
as
What are excess fats used for? reserve
Excess fats energy
Assimilation of digested food in the cells

+LESSON+
11 Of 11

Process in the cells

Lipids

When the body lacks

ATP
glucose, fats are oxidised ATP
to release energy (ATP).

Low glucose!!!
Imagine if you are someone who
practicing imbalanced diet by
consuming a lot of fat everyday.

Explain what will happen if this

habit is practice continuously?
Systems involved in absorption and
transportation of nutrient
DEFECATION

Start
 Food
particles
Absorption of
nutrient inside
the small
intestine
 Undigested
Undigested food enter food
the large moves
intestine
along the large intestine
through peritalsis

Undigested food such as fibre,

waste secretions of digestive
tract, dead cells and water

This undigested waste is

toxic.
While moving, water is reabsorbed into
blood stream. This makes the waste
become solid called faeces.
 Faeces are stored When the rectum is full,
temporarily in the rectum. it will constrict to
eliminate the faeces
through anus

This process
called
defecation

Stop
Explain how vegetarian get
their source of energy?
 What if you…..
Eat a lot of
fruits and But
vegetables
…

Only drinks
a little of
water It is ok?...
What is constipation?
How it occur?
How the undigested food move
along the large intestine?

peristalsis
EXERCISE
4/3/19 63
Do you really want to quit?

Good
See y Bye!
ou a
gain!