Department Of Electrical Engineering

UNIVERSITY INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING

CHANDIGARH UNIVERSITY, MOHALI

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 Research Proposal Presentation
on
Solar Energy
By
Akhil Nigam
Roll No. 22018PEE11166
Electrical Engineering Department
 Contents
• Introduction.
• Why solar energy?
• Components of solar energy.
• Working of solar energy.
• Equivalent circuit of solar energy.
• Characteristics of solar energy.
• Applications of solar energy.
• Project on solar energy.
• Literature Review.
• Proposed work.
• References.

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 Introduction to Solar Energy
• Solar energy is a form of energy employed from the power and heat of sun
light.
• Basically solar cell is basic unit of PV system.
• It is a device which is made up of semiconductor materials such as silicon,
gallium to convert sunlight into electricity.
• When the sun light impacts on solar PV cell it generates electrons and holes
at positive and negative junction respectively.
• If these junctions are connected to DC electrical equipment, current is
delivered into entire circuit.

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Why Solar Energy?

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 Components of Solar Energy

There are different components of solar energy such as:

• Solar cell
• Solar array
• Solar panel
• Battery
• Charge controller
• Inverter

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Working of Solar PV cell

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 Equivalent circuit of Solar Energy

Where Ipv = photovoltaic energy source

ID = diode current
Rsh = shunt resistance
Rse = series resistance

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Characteristics of Solar Energy

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 Maximum Power Point Tracking Techniques

• Perturb and observe

• Incremental conductance
• Constant voltage
• Short current pulse

Sarbjeet kaur,AP, EE Deptt. 10

 Advantages of Solar Energy
• Low maintenance cost.
• Reliable.
• No pollution.
• No need of fuel.
• Sustainable.

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 Disadvantages of Solar Energy
• Large no. of cells required.
• Intermittent.
• Can’t work at night.
• Required pretty much land.
• Uncertainty of solar energy due to cloud, wind, rainfall etc.

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 Applications of Solar Energy
There are various applications of solar energy:
• Water heating
• Solar cooking
• Heating and cooling of buildings
• Power generation
• Remote application
• Transportation
• Pool heating

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Practical Applications of Solar Energy

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 Latest Projects on Solar Energy
There are various current projects on solar energy:
• BMTC (Bengaluru Metropolitan Transport Corporation ) plans to generate
1MW solar power to protect and profit from its assets.
• Amazon installs solar panels at fulfillment centers, to generate 8,000 kW of
solar energy in Delhi and Hyderabad.
• IIT Madras joins Chennai Petroleum Corporation Limited (CPCL) project to
provide solar power, drinking water in villages.
• Tata Power Renewable commissions 100 MW solar capacity in
Anthapuramu Solar Park .
• 750MW MP solar plant starts operations, to serve Delhi Metro.
• India to auction about 40GW renewable energy every year till 2028.

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 M.Tech. Project on Solar Energy
In M.Tech. we compared two different techniques for maximum power point
tracking for solar PV cell and observed voltage, current and power at different
solar irradiance level. At each irradiance we measured values of voltage,
current and power with respect to time and obtained fast response of solar PV
cell.

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 Literature Review
1. Gajendra Singh et.al (2016) proposed and implemented a fuzzy rule based adaptive
version of the perturb and observe algorithm. The adaptive approach has been
implemented on a Texas Instruments digital signal processor model 28335. The setup
is a part of a DC-DC boost converter and has been tested on a solar photovoltaic
emulator and the results obtained show encouraging prospects for possible field
usage.
2. Huaqian Wang et.al (2016) proposed an implementation of the new MPPT method
which uses a constant-voltage constant-current (CVCC) DC/DC converter. It analysed
the three working states of a CVCC DC/DC controller and developed a MPPT
searching algorithm based on this kind of converter.
3. Ms. Jyoti B. Fulzele et.al (2016) proposed optimization of hybrid energy system is to
select the appropriate combination of components; their management as well as the
control strategy of energy flow so to ensure reliable supply of demand that minimizes
the total cost of the system. .

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 Cont….
4. D. K. Yadav et.al (2016) presented the dynamic performance analysis of Wind-PV-
biogas based micro-grid, tied with utility grid. The biogas engine using
synchronous generator with automatic voltage regulator is to control reactive
power and electronic speed governor for active power control.
5. Vinod K Agarwal et.al (2016) proposed solar photovoltaic system with additionally
commissioned in a wind farm premises. The combination facilitated substantial
saving on number of counts which include sharing of common load as well as
common equipment like inverter, transmission network and common auxiliaries.
6. V.Anil Kumar et.al (2016) proposed Genetic Algorithm trained artificial neural
network model for maximum power point tracking for solar PV cell. The proposed
approach is validated by comparing its performance against a data set which
contains voltages forecast by ANN approach, reference voltage obtained through
mathematical modeling.
7. Tao Ding et.al (2017) proposed an optimization model to evaluate maximum PV
integration capacity while maintaining the entire system operating constraints.

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 Cont….
8. Keyong hu et.al (2017) proposed a flexible topology structure of PV power
generation network, connecting PV arrays and inverters by the switching matrix.
The topology used to achieve the power matching optimization between PV arrays
and inverters during partial shading.
9. Mariusz Malinowski et.al (2017) presented an overview of the current status and
future perspective of solar energy. Various aspects related to the global solar
market, the PV module cost and technology.
10. Peter K.C. Wong et.al (2017) focused on two aspects such as steady state voltage
and phase imbalance and proposed how the technical limitations can be improved
by optimizing the existing voltage control scheme and generation between the
supply phases.
11. Kumar Saurav et.al (2018) proposed an algorithm to control power production
from solar photovoltaic panels and deliver maximum possible power during the
times of low irradiance and curtail the output power during the times of peak
generation.

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 Cont….
12. Kangping Li et.al (2018) focused on capacity configuration optimization for the
stand alone Wind-PV-Diesel-Battery micro grid. The stochastic optimization model
proposed to consider the operation risk of micro grid caused by uncertainties of
wind and solar resources.
13. Katayoun Rahbar et.al (2018) considered the energy management problem for two
cooperative microgrids each with individual renewable energy generator and energy
storage system.
14. Morris Brenna et.al (2018) proposed sizing and control strategy of battery energy
storage system for dispatching a photovoltaic generation farm in one hour ahead
and day ahead market.
15. Mehdi Hosseinzadeh et.al (2018) proposed fault tolerant supervisory controller for
hybrid ac/dc micro grid. In this power flow supervised based on solving
optimization problem while the maximum available powers were taken into
account.

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 Proposed Work
• Proposed work comprises a new topology for measuring losses in power
cables of hybrid smart grid using fault tolerant supervisory controller
• Improve the efficiency of the entire system.

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 References
• Gajendra Singh, Mayand Siwasia, Shashank Vyas and Rajesh Kumar,
“Implementation of a Fuzzy Logic Based Perturb and Observe Approach
for Maximum Power Point Tracking of Solar PV Modules” 2016 IEEE 7TH
Power India International Conference.
• Huaqian Wang, Lokesh Vinagyam, Hao Jiang, Zhi Qiang Kai, “New MPPT
Solar Generation Implemented with Constant-Voltage Constant-Current
DC/DC Converter” 2016, 51st International Universities Power Engineering
Conference, IEEE.
• Vinod K Agarwal, Archit Khemka, Krishna Manoharan and Dheeraj Jain,
“Wind-Solar hybrid system- An innovative and smart approach to augment
renewable generation and moderate variability to the grid” 2016 IEEE 7TH
Power India International Conference.

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 References
• Mariusz Malinowski, Jose I Leon, Haitham Abu-Rub, “Solar photovoltaic
thermal energy system: current technology ad future trends” Proceeding of
IEEE, vol. 105, issue 11, 2017.
• Rachid Dabou, Farid Bouchafaa, “Impact of partial shading and PV array
power on the performance of grid connected PV station” 2017, 18th
International conference on sciences and techniques of automatic control
and computer engineering, IEEE.
• Mehdi Hosseinzadeh and Farzad Rajaei Salmasi, “Fault tolerant
supervisory controller for hybrid AC/DC microgrid” IEEE Transaction on
smart grid vol. 9, issue: 4, July 2018.

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Thank you

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