GAUTAM BUDDHA UNIVERSITY, GR.

NOIDA

ADVANCE CONSTRUCTION
DOZERS AND SCRAPERS

SUBMITTED BY: DHRUV KUMAR VERMA (15/AR/004)

WHAT IS DOZERS?

 Machines designed preliminary for

cutting & pushing material relatively
short distance.
 Consist of a tractor with a front
mounted blade controlled by hydraulic
cylinders use for different cut for
different depth & leveling as per
condition of land.
PURPOSE OF BULLDOZER

 Clear site of work

 Levelling of land
 Prepare roads on hilly areas as well as hard ground
 Excavate the material and haul in between 100 meters distance.
 Spreading earth
 Backfilling trenches
 Maintaining haul roads
FACTORS AFFECTING OUTPUT OF MACHINERY

a. Efficiency of operator
b. Nature of soil
c. Topography of area
d. Type of equipment
e. Weather
CLASSIFICATION OF BULLDOZERS

It may either
 Cable controlled
 Hydraulic controlled.

Depending upon mountings bulldozers classified as

 I. Crawler tractor mounted bulldozers
 II. Wheel tractor mounted bulldozers

Depending on nature of blade:

 Front casting dozer
 Angle dozer
CLASSIFICATION OF BULLDOZERS

 CRAWLER DOZERS
It is equipped with special clearing blades which are excellent
machine for loud clearing.
Heavy ripping of rock is accomplished by crawler dozers with
use of rippers which are mounted rear of dozers.
ADVANTAGES OF CRAWLER MOUNTED DOZER

 It delivers greater attractive effort especially when operating soft grounds as loose or muddy soil.
 Capacity to travel over muddy surface.
 Work on different type of soil.
 Ability to travel on rough surface, which may reduce the cost of maintaining the hauling roads.
 Greater flotation due to the lower pressure under the track.
 Good for short distance jobs.
 Greater use in different type of jobs.
 Can push large blade loads.
 Speed is slow about 8 to 16 kmph.
CLASSIFICATION OF BULLDOZERS

 Wheel dozers are essentially tractors outfitted

withdozer blades or push blocks. Used for clearing
and grading land, wheel dozers are frequently used
in mining applications and reclamation jobs
ADVANTAGES OF WHEEL MOUNTED DOZER

 Provide higher travel speed from 13 to 42 kmph on the job or from one job to another job.
 Eliminates the necessity of hauling equipment required to transport the dozer to the job.
 Greater output, especially when considerable travel is necessary.
 Less fatigue to operator.
 It is good for long distance.
 It can travel on paved highways without damaging the surface.
 It is best for handling loose soil.
 It can push moderate blade load.
CLASSIFICATION OF BULLDOZERS

Depending on nature of blade:

 Front casting dozer

In case of front casting dozer blade is fixed perpendicular to the direction of travel.

 Angle dozer
In case if Angle dozer the blade is fixed at an angle with the direction of travel.
CLASSIFICATION OF BULLDOZERS

FRONT CASTING DOZER ANGLE DOZER

WHAT IS TILT ?

 In some machines either end of the blade can be raised or lowered in the vertical plane of the blade called Tilt.
 The movement takes place within the vertical plane of the blade.
 Tilting enables the concentration of dozer driving power on a limited portion of the length of the blade.
WHAT IS PITCH?

 The top of the blade can pitched forward or backward varying the angle of attack of the cutting edge. it is known
as pitch.
 This is pivotal movement about the point of connection between the dozer and blade.
 When top of blade pitch forward, the bottom edge moves back. This increase the angle of cutting edge attack.
WHAT IS ANGLING?

 Blades which are mounted on a C frame can be turned from the direction of travel. It is known as angling.
 This features are not applicable for all blades.
 Turning the blade in such a way that it is not perpendicular to the direction of the travel of the dozer is known as
angling.
 Angling causes the pushed material to roll off the traveling end of trailing end of blade.
 This process of rolling material off one end of the blade is known as side casting.
WHAT IS

SCRAPER?
The scraper is a large piece of equipment
which is used in mining, construction,
agriculture and other earthmoving
applications. The rear part has a vertically
moveable hopper (also known as the bowl)
with a sharp horizontal front edge. The
hopper can be hydraulically lowered and
raised.
THE PURPOSE OF SCRAPERS

A scraper is a machine used for moving or removing dirt, gravel and any other
unnecessary material from the surface. There are many earth-moving machines on the
market, but the scraper is specialized for scraping and it is the most efficient machine
for that task.
or
Scrapers are heavy-duty machines that can be used for digging and hauling earth and
minerals from one part of a job site to another, as well as leveling out those materials.
 COMPONENTS OF SCRAPER

 Bowl: • Loading and carrying component

• Has a cutting edge that extends
horizontally across front bottom edge
•Lowered for loading, raised during travel
 Apron: • Front wall of the bowl, independent of bowl
• Raised during loading and dumping, lowered
during haulage – to avoid spillage
 Ejector: Rear vertical wall, gets activated and moves
forward, helps positive discharge of material
TYPES OF SCRAPERS

Single-Engine Wheeled Scrapers

 The single-engine wheeled scraper is perhaps the
most common type of scraper. It consists of a bowl,
an apron that is drops over a load of earth for
transport, and an ejector that relies on hydraulics to
get rid of a load once you have successfully moved it.
With hydraulics, each separate function can operate
separately, as well, making these exceptionally
versatile machines.
 TYPES OF SCRAPERS

Dual-Engine Wheeled Scrapers

 Dual-engine wheeled scrapers are another
great option if you are hauling earth for a
short distance. This type of scraper has two
engines, with one controlling the front wheels
and the other powering the rear. This style of
scraper is also highly effective for short hauls
and narrow cut-and-fill areas on job sites.
TYPES OF SCRAPERS

Elevating Scrapers
 Rather than rely on an apron like other
scrapers, an elevating scraper uses an
elevator that is either hydraulically or
electrically driven. This elevator loads
materials into a raised bowl that can then
dump out a load by sliding the bowl’s
floor backwards, with the elevator
capable of being reversed to help evenly
and completely finish an offload.
TYPES OF SCRAPERS

Pull-Type Scrapers
 Finally, pull-type scrapers are not motorized at all.
Instead, these are towed behind other machines on
site, but offer the advantage of being more capable of
operating in wet, soft and sandy conditions. By not
having its own driving capabilities, this can also make it
easier to keep from getting stuck in messy terrain,
which means the pull-type can be quite useful in rainy
climates and springtime weather.
THANK YOU