Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Stress Injurious
stimuli
Irreversible
injury
Necrosis Apoptosis
Causes of Cell Injury
Physical agents
Chemical agents and drugs
Infectious agents
Immune reactions
Genetic disorders
Nutritional disorders
Vascular deprivation
Factors influencing Cell Injury
1. Response of cell to injury depends on type of injury, its
duration and its severity
2. Effect of injury is also determined by the type, state and
adaptability of the cell undergoing injury.
3. When a cell is injured, four systems are mainly affected. They
are:
Cell membrane
Aerobic respiration
Protein synthesis
Genetic apparatus
4. A time lag exists between injury and appearance of
morphological alterations.
Biochemical Alterations seen during Cell Injury
• Depletion of ATP.
• Reduced activity of sodium pump
• Anaerobic glycolysis
• Failure of calcium pump
• Reduced synthesis of proteins.
• Protein misfolding
• In heart:
Triglycerides
Apoproteins
Triglycerides
Fatty acids
Triglycerides
Lipoproteins
Steps affected in protein calorie malnutrition
Free fatty acids
Fatty acids
Triglycerides
Lipoproteins