SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

“GOVERNMENT”
Reported by:

Mary Jane Garayan

Unit Earner
 (1) A. What is government?
A government is an
institution entrusted with
making and enforcing the rules
of society as well as regulating
relations with other societies.
 B. How does Supreme Court define government?

The Supreme Court of the Philippines defines government as

“that institution by which an independent society makes and
carries out those rules of actions, which are necessary to
enable men to live in a social state, or which are imposed
upon the people for that society by those who possess the
power or authority of prescribing them.”
 C. What are the branches of the
government?

1. Executive Branch- which proposes and

enforces rules and laws.
2. Legislative Branch- which makes rules and
laws.
3. Judicial Branch- adjudicates rules and
laws.
(2) A. Define politics.

Politics is the pattern of

human interaction that
serves to resolve conflicts
among people, institutions,
and nations.
 B. Define administration.

Administration refers to the aggregate of

persons, in whose hands the reigns of
government are for the time being.
 Types of Government

1. Monarchy- a political system in which a representative

from one family controls the government and power is
passed on through the family from generation to
generation.

2. Democracy- a political system in which citizens

periodically choose officials to run their government.

3. Authoritarianism- a political system that does not allow

citizens to participate in government.

4. Totalitarism- a political system under which the

government maintains tight control over merely all
aspects of the citizens lives.
 (3) A. What are the functions of the government?
B. Define each.

a. The constituent functions- contributes to the very bonds

of society and are, therefore, compulsory. Among the
constituent functions are as follows:
1. The observant/ reservation of order and provision for the
protection of persons and property from violence and
robbery.
2. The settlement of the legal relations between husband
and wife, and between parents and children.
3. The regulation of the holding, transmission and
interchange of property, and the determination of its
liabilities for the debt or for crime.
 4. The determination of the contractual rights between
individuals.
5. The definition and punishment for crimes.
6. The administration of justice in civil cases.
7. The administration of political duties, privileges, and
relations of citizens.
8. The dealings of the state with foreign growers, the
preservation of the state from external danger or
encroachment and the advancement of its international
affairs and interest.
b. The ministrant function- are those undertaken to advance
the general interest of society such as public works public
charity, and regulation of trade and industry.