Clastic Reservoir

Kelompok 2
1. Anshar Rahman
2. Daniel Baptista
3. Johannes Silaban
4. Rifqi Bambang P
5. Rivo Adikusuma
Outline
• Definiton
• Classification
• Quality
• Depositional Environment
What is clastic?
• rock containing pebbles, sand grains, and other
bit and pieces of pre-existing rocks and
skeletal remains.

(http://www.dnr.louisiana.gov)
What is clastic sediments?
• Clastic sediments are produced chiefly on the
continents and are brought to ocean areas
through fluvial or aeolian transport.
(Bjørlykke, 2010)
So, what is Clastic Reservoir?
• Clastic sedimentary rocks tend to be more
porous because of the uniqueness of their origin.
They are the result of erosion and transport;
these two processes tend to cleanse the material
of everything but silica sand grains and they are
often of similar size and shape.
Clastic Reservoir Definition
• The clastic reservoirs are aggregates of particles,
fragments of minerals, or fragments of older rocks.
They are also called clastic or detrital rocks because
they consist of minerals and rock particles washed
from areas that have been eroded.

• Most clastic reservoir rocks have grain diameters in

the range of 0.05 to 0.25 mm, resulting in average
pore radii in sandstone. Reservoirs between 20 and
200 µ. A certain relationship can be observed
between porosity and permeability in clastic rocks.
An increase in porosity is paralleled by an increase
in permeability
• The character of the clastic reservoirs varies with
many factors such as;
▫ The nature of the eroded materials
▫ The distance it is transported
▫ The climate
▫ The steepness of the gradients
▫ The transporting agencies, etc.
Batuan Klastik Reservoir
Klasifikasi Klastik Reservoir
Batupasir
• Batupasir Kuarsa
▫ Butirannya berbentuk bundar
▫ Tidak terdapat matriks
• Batupasir Greywacke
▫ Terdiri dari fragmen berbagai macam batuan
▫ Mempunyai matriks
▫ Pemilahannya tidak baik
• Batupasir Arkose
▫ Terdiri dari kuarsa dan felspar
▫ Butir bersudut-sudut
▫ Pemilahan tidak terlalu baik
▫ Hasil Pelapukan granit
Koesomadinata,
1980
Konglomerat
• Makin kasar butir, makin besar pori-pori.

Koesomadinata,
1980
Batulanau
• Besar butirnya yang halus membuat
permeabilitas batu lanau jelek.

Koesomadinata,
1980
Quality of Clastic Reservoir
Quality of Clastic Reservoir
Kualitas reservoir ditentukan oleh :
1. Tingkat saturasi (titik jenuh) fluida pada
batuan reservoar
2. Lingkungan Pengendapan batuan reservoir
3. Porositas dan permeabilitas batuan reservoir
4. Tebal Lapisan reservoir
5. Penyebaran batuan reservoir

(Koesoemadinata,1980)
The reservoir quality of a rock is reduced by two
main factor :
1. The presence of mud reduced both porosity and
permeability because clay minerals fills the
space between grains and block (Gary
Nichols,2009)
2. Sementation reduced porosity and permeability
by crystallising minerals in the pore spaces
(Gary Nichols,2009)
Tingkat Porositas dan kedalaman pada
batuan reservoir
Depositional Environment of
Clastic Reservoir (sediment)
Review about sedimentation
• A fundamental part of sedimentology is the
interpretation of sedimentary rocks in terms
of the transport and depositional
processes and then determining the
environment in which they were deposited.
(Nichols, 2009. p.80)
The Environment
• Depositional models are important for
predicting the distribution
of permeability and porosity

Source : http://www.dnr.louisiana.gov
The Environment
Major Clastic Depositional
Environment
1. Alluvial
2. Lacustrine
3. Eolian
4. Deltaic
5. Siliclastic shoreline
6. Shallow siliclastic seas
7. Deep marine slope / basin
8. Glacial
The Environment
• Depositional models are important for
predicting the distribution
of permeability and porosity

Source : http://www.dnr.louisiana.gov
Alluvial
Eolian

Source: www.geol.umd.edu
Eolian

Source: www.geol.umd.edu
Lacustrine

Source: jsedres.geoscienceworld.org
Lacustrine

Source: www.researchgate.net
Fluvial
Deltaic

Source: www.researchgate.net
 Shallow Siliclastic Sea

Source: www.sepmstrata.org
The Environment

Source : http://www.dnr.louisiana.gov
 References
• Tissot, B P and Welte, D H. Petroleum formation and
occurence. Springer-Verlag: 1984
• Selley, Richard C. Elements of Petroleum Geology 2nd
edition. Academic Press: 1998
• Gluyas, Jon and Swarbrick, Richard. Petroleum
Geoscience.Blackwell: 2004
• Bjørlykke, K. 2010. Petroleum Geoscience: From
Sedimentary Environment to Rock Physics, p.110.
Norway
• Nichols, G. 2009. Sedimentology and Stratigraphy:
2nd Edition. UK:Wiley-Blackwell
References
• Walker, R.G and James, N.P. 1992. Facies Models :
Response to Sea Level Change (Miall, A.D. p.119-
142). Canada
• Lashin, Aref. Petroleum and Gas Engineering
Exploration. PGE: 2009
• http://www.dnr.louisiana.gov/assets/TAD/educatio
n/BGBB/4/rocks.html accessed on September, 18th
2017
• https://www.geol.umd.edu/~jmerck/geol342/lectur
es/11.html accessed on September, 19th 2017