Imperial College of Engineering and

Research, Wagholi, Pune.

Mechanical Engineering Department

PRESENTATION ON
CONSTRUCTION
AND DETAILS OF GEARS
Guided By :- Prof. M. A. KHOT
Presented By:- Ajay Shete(09)
 Index
• 1.What is gear
• 2.Terminology
• 3.Types of gears
• 4.Gear forming processes
 Gear
• A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having
cut teeth, or in the case of a cogwheel, inserted teeth
(called cogs), which mesh with another toothed part to
transmit torque.
Terminology
1.Pitch-Distance between two adjuscent teeth.
2.Pitch circle-Circle centered on and perpendicular to the axis, and passing
through the pitch point. A predefined diametral position on the gear where the
circular tooth thickness, pressure angle and helix angles are defined.
3.Patch of concact-Path followed by the point of contact between two meshing
gear teeth.
4.Addendum-Radial distance from the depth of the tooth trough to the pitch
surface. {\displaystyle b=(D-{\text{root diameter}})/2}
5.Dedendum-Radial distance from the depth of the tooth trough to the pitch
surface. {\displaystyle b=(D-{\text{root diameter}})/2}
6.Base circle-In involute gears, the tooth profile is generated by the involute of
the base circle. The radius of the base circle is somewhat smaller than that of
the pitch circle
7.
 Nomenclature

Smaller Gear is Pinion and Larger one is the gear

In most application the pinion is the driver, This reduces
speed but it increases torque.
 Type of Gears

• Spurs
• Helical
• Bevel
• And Worm Gears
 2.Helical Gears
1.Spur Gears

3.Bevel Gears 4.Bevel Gears

Gear manufacturing processes
• 1.Hobbing
• 2.Milling
• 3.Forming
 1.Hobbing
• Hobbing is a machining process for gear cutting, cutting splines,
and cutting sprockets on a hobbingmachine, which is a special type
of milling machine. The teeth or splines are progressively cut into
the workpiece by a series of cuts made by a cutting tool called a
hob.
 2.Milling
• The milling process is a type of machining that allows modeling in
complex forms and trimming pieces of several materials such as
metal, wood, plastic, composites etc. and meanwhile the removal of
chips and processing residues. The milling is carried out using
machine such as millingmachines or machining centres.
 3.Forming
• Gear cutting is any machining process for creating a gear. The most
common gear-cutting processes includehobbing, broaching, milling,
and grinding. Such cutting operations may occur either after or
instead of forming processes such as forging, extruding, investment
casting, or sand casting.