SOLID WASTE BASIC PROCESSING

ASSIGNMENT 2
MUHAMAD AMIRUL AQIL BIN MAT ROZALI
55213115297
AZYYATI BINTI JOHARI
 REPROCESSING

• PRODUCE A WASTE STREAM WITH GREATER HOMOGENEITY & PERMIT

RECOVERY OF MATERIAL.
 WEIGHT STATION – PROVIDE ACCURATE INFO IN QUANTITY RECEIVED &
ALLOW EQUITABLE FEES FOR PROCESSING.
RECEIVING & STORAGE AREAS – RECEIVE INCOMING VEHICLES, PROVIDE
SPACE FOR THEM TO UNLOAD & ALLOW STORAGE WASTE MATERIAL
BEFORE PROCESSING.
REFUSE CONVEYING– VARIETY OF TRANSPORT PROCESSES TO MOVE SOLID
WASTE INTO, AWAY FROM AND BETWEEN PROCESSING
 PHYSICAL PROCESSING
• SIZE REDUCTION /SHREDDERS
 SIZE REDUCTION IS AN ESSENTIAL STEP IN
MOST CENTRALIZED MIXED WASTE
PROCESSING OPERATIONS. THE REDUCTION
IN SIZE ENHANCES EASE OF HANDLING,
AND RENDERS THE DIMENSIONS OF BULKY
ITEMS COMPATIBLE WITH THOSE OF THE
PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
• AIR CLASSIFICATION
 AIR CLASSIFICATION FINDS ITS USE IN WASTE
PROCESSING PRINCIPALLY AS A MEANS OF
SEPARATING MATERIALS OF DIFFERENT
DENSITIES FROM PROCESSED SOLID WASTE
STREAMS.
 LIGHTER REFUSE COMPONENTS (" LIGHT
FRACTION") ARE SUSPENDED IN THE AIR
STREAM, WHILE HEAVIER ONES ("HEAVY
FRACTION") SETTLE OUT OF THE STREAM.
 PHYSICAL PROCESSING
• SCREENING
 SCREENS CAN BE USED IN SOLID WASTE
PROCESSING TO ACHIEVE AN EFFICIENT
SEPARATION OF REFUSE PARTICLES ON THE
BASIS OF DIFFERENCES IN PHYSICAL SIZE IN
ANY TWO DIMENSIONS.
• GLASS AND ALUMINUM SEPARATORS
 A NUMBER OF TECHNOLOGICALLY COMPLEX
PROCESSES HAVE BEEN UTILIZED OR
PROPOSED FOR BOTH ALUMINUM AND GLASS
SEPARATION.
 FOR ALUMINUM, EDDY CURRENT SEPARATION,
WHICH CAUSES ALUMINUM TO BE EJECTED
FROM THE PROCESSED WASTE STREAM DUE
TO ELECTROMAGNETIC FLUX, IS
COMMERCIALLY FEASIBLE AS OF THIS WRITING
 CHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION

• CHEMICAL PROCESSING INVOLVES THE CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF ORGANIC FRACTION OF

WASTES INTO VARIOUS USEFUL COMPOUNDS SUCH GLUCOSE, SYNTHETIC OIL GASES AND
ETC.
• EXAMPLE GLUCOSE IS RECOVERED FROM WASTE CONTAINING CELLULOSE (PAPER)
• ENGINEERED PROCESS THAT EMPLOYS THERMAL DECOMPOSITION VIA THERMAL OXIDATION
AT HIGH TEMP (> 1400 F) TO CONVERT WASTE TO LOWER VOLUME. NON HAZARDOUS
MATERIAL OR ENERGY.
 BIOLOGICAL TRANFORMATION
• ORGANIC WASTE MATERIALS SUCH AS PLANT MATERIAL, FOOD SCRAPS AND PAPER
PRODUCTS CAN BE RECYCLED USING BIOLOGICAL COMPOSTING AND DIGESTION
PROCESSES TO DECOMPOSE THE ORGANIC MATTER
• THE RESULTING ORGANIC MATERIAL IS THEN RECYCLED AS MULCH OR COMPOST FOR
AGRICULTURAL OR LANDSCAPING PURPOSES.
• WASTE GAS FROM THE PROCESS ( SUCH AS METHANE ) CAN BE CAPTURED AND USED
FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY.
• AN EXAMPLE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT THROUGH COMPOSTING IS THE GREEN BIN
PROGRAM IN TORONTO, CANADA, WHERE HOUSEHOLD ORGANIC WASTE ARE
COLLECTED IN A DEDICATED CONTAINER AND THEN COMPOSTED.
 BIOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION
• REUSE OF BIOLOGICAL IS A CRITICAL COMPONENT OF SUSTAINABLE
WASTE MANAGEMENT. DISPOSING OF BIOMASS REMOVES BOTH AN
IMPORTANT REVENUE STREAM AND A VALUABLE ENERGY SOURCE.
• BIOMASS CAN BE USED IN BIO-REFINERY OPERATIONS TO PRODUCE
VALUABLE CHEMICALS, FUELS AND FEED STOCKS.