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Capital
Age of the
market Inflation
company
considerations
DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO
The extent to which the firm has access to the capital markets,
also affects the dividend policy.
In case the firm has easy access to the capital market, it can
follow a liberal dividend policy.
If the firm has only limited access to capital markets, it is likely to
adopt a low dividend payout ratio.
Such companies rely on retained earnings as a major source of
financing for future growth.
INFLATION
Gordon’s model
Given by Myron Gordon S.
Gordon’s theory on dividend policy states that company dividend payout
policy and the relationship between its rates of return (r) and cost of capital
(k)influence the market price per share of the company.
Assumptions :
• Rate of return r and cost of capital k is constant.
• Life of firm is indefinite
• Growth rate is constant
• Cost of capital greater than br
P=[E(1-P)]/ke-br
Where, p= price of share
e = earning per share
B= retention ratio
1-b=proportion of earning distributed as dividends
Ke=capitalization rate
Br =growth rate
MODIGLIANI’S APPROACH
Assumptions:
No taxes – there is no existence of taxes.
Fixed investment policy
No risk of uncertainity
Perfect capital market.
P1=Po*(1+ke)-D1
P1=market price of the share at the end of the
period
Po=market price of share at the beginning of a
period
Ke=cost of capital
D1=dividend received at the end of the period
RATIO ANALYSIS
Liquidity Ratios.
Asset Management Ratios (Activity Ratios).
Profitability Ratios.
LIQUIDITY RATIOS
A liquid asset is one that can be easily converted into cash at a fair market value.