MSTP Principles and Configuration

MSTP Principle and
Configuration
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

LTD. reserved
Foreword
This course will introduce the principle of

STP and RSTP, then will talking about
MSTP principle and configuration.
MSTP can solve the loop problem in the

VLAN enabled network.

Page 2
LTD. reserved
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
 Describe STP/RSTP principle
 Describe the evolution from STP to RSTP
 Describe MSTP principle and path select
among MST regions
 Describe MSTP configuration

Page 3
LTD. reserved
Contents
Chapter 1 STP/RSTP Principle
Chapter 2 MSTP Principle and Path
Selection among MST Regions
Chapter 3 MSTP Configuration

Page 4
LTD. reserved
Switch Forwarding Principle Review
1 Destination
PCA Destination MAC
port
SWA
00-0D-56-BF-88-10 E0/2
00-0D-56-BF-88-10 00-0D-56-BF-88-20 E0/3
..... .....
E0/2 ..... .....
E0/3
E0/5
3
Destination
Destination MAC
port
E0/6
SWB 00-0D-56-BF-88-10 E0/5
PCB 00-0D-56-BF-88-20 E0/6
..... .....
..... .....
00-0D-56-BF-88-20
Page 5
LTD. reserved
The First Problem Caused by Loop---
Broadcast Storm
Broadcast
1
PCA
SWA
4 2 3
SWB

Page 6
LTD. reserved
Switch MAC Address Learning Review
PCA 1
SWA Destination MAC
Destination
port
00-0D-56-BF-88-10 00-0D-56-BF-88-10 E0/2
E0/2 ..... .....
E0/3 ..... .....
E0/5
3 Destination
Destination MAC
port
E0/6
00-0D-56-BF-88-10 E0/5
PCB SWB ..... .....
..... .....
00-0D-56-BF-88-20

Page 7
LTD. reserved
The Second Problem Caused by Loop---MAC
Table Flapping
PCA
SWA Destination
Destination MAC
port
00-0D-56-BF-88-10
E0/2 00-0D-56-BF-88-10 E0/2
E0/3 00-0D-56-BF-88-10 E0/4
E0/4
Wrong destination port
E0/5 E0/6
SWB

Page 8
LTD. reserved
How to prevent loop ？
SWA
E0/10 E0/20
LANA LANB
E0/10 E0/20
SWB E0/20 E0/10
LANC SWC
Blocking a port
LAND LANE
 STP is used to prevent loops in the LAN

Page 9
LTD. reserved
STP Message Format
DMAC SMAC Length Data FCS
01-80-C2-00-00-00 Configuration
LLC Header
BPDU
DSAP SSAP
Control
01000010 01000010

Page 10
LTD. reserved
Content of Configuration BPDU
2 Bytes Protocol Identifier 0x0000
1 Bytes Protocol Version Identifier 0x00
1 Bytes BPDU Type 0x00
1 Bytes Flags 0x00
8 Bytes Root Identifier
4 Bytes Root Path Cost Check the
8 Bytes Bridge Identifier best BPDU
2 Bytes Port Identifier
2 Bytes Message Age
2 Bytes Max Age
2 Bytes Hello Time
2 Bytes Forward Delay

Page 11
LTD. reserved
Bridge Identifier (BID)
 IEEE 802.1D defines that a BID is composed of a 16-bit bridge
priority and a bridge MAC address. The bridge priority occupies

the leftmost 16 bits and the MAC address occupies the rightmost
48 bits.
Priority MAC Adress

2Byte 6Byte

Page 13
LTD. reserved
Calculation Process of Spanning Tree － Select
Root Switch
SWA
Root Bridge
32768.00e0-fc16-ee43
LANA LANB
SWB SWC
32768. 32768.
00e0-fc41-4259 LANC 00e0-fc41-43b9
LAND LANE

Page 14
LTD. reserved
Root Port of non-root bridge
SWA
Root Bridge
32768.00e0-fc16-ee43
LANA LANB
Root Port Root Port
32768. SWB SWC 32768.

00e0-fc41-4259 LANC 00e0-fc41-43b9
LAND LANE

Page 15
LTD. reserved
Designated Port
SWA
Root
32768.00e0-fc16-ee43
Designated port Designated port for
for LANA LANB
LANA LANB
SWB SWC
32768. 32768.
00e0-fc41-4259 LANC 00e0-fc41-43b9
Designated Designated Designated

Alternate port for LANE
port for LAND port for LANC Port
LAND LANE

Page 16
LTD. reserved
Switch Port Role
Port role Description
Root port is the nearest port from root switch, it is in

Root Port
forwarding status.
It forwards data from network segment it connects to

Designated Port root switch and data from switch to network segment
it connects.
it doesn’t forward any data to network segment it

Alternate Port
connects.

Page 17
LTD. reserved
STP Counter
 Hello Time: The bridge cyclically sends BPDU from a designated
port at the period of Hello Time.
 Max Age: sets the maximum time a BPDU is saved
 Forward Delay: Maximum delay for configuration message to be
broadcasted to the whole network

Page 18
LTD. reserved
Transform of Port Status
Disabled
Port enables Port disables
Listening
1
2 3 Port disables
Port disables 2
Blocking Learning
3
2
Forwarding
Port disables

Page 20
LTD. reserved
Port Status Description
Port status Description
Port will not forward data, learn MAC address and calculate
Disabled
spanning tree
Port will not forward data and learn MAC address, but it will
Listening
calculate spanning tree, receive and send BPDU
Port will not forward data and learn MAC address; it will receive
Blocking
and deal with BPDU but not send BPDU.
Port will not forward data ,but it will learn MAC address, calculate
Learning
spanning tree, receive and send BPDU.
Port will forward data, learn MAC address, calculate spanning

Forwarding
tree, receive and send BPDU.

Page 21
LTD. reserved
Topology Change Causes MAC Address Table Error
SWA
Root
Destination
Destination MAC
port
00-0D-56-BF-88-20 E1
Root port ..... .....
LANA LANB ..... .....
E1
E1 SWC
wrong
SWB LANC destination port,
E2 E2 it should be E2
New root port
LAND LANE
00-0D-56-BF-88-20

Page 22
LTD. reserved
Flood Topology Change Information
Root
SWA
Topology change
notification BPDU
SWB
Topology change
acknowledge
configuration BPDU
SWC Topology change

configuration BPDU
LAND

Page 23
LTD. reserved
Evolution from STP to RSTP
STP RSTP
Has a slow network topology

rapid topology convergence
convergence speed
Proposal/Agreement mechanism helps a

determines topology changes after
designated port to enter the Forwarding
the time set by the timer expires
state as soon as possible
5 Port Status:
3 Port Status: Forwarding,
Disabled ， Listening ， Blocking ，
Learning, Discarding
Learning ， Forwarding

Page 24
LTD. reserved
Bridge Port Status
Port
Description
status
Discard the data received, not forward data, not learn

Discarding MAC address table.
Alternate Port and Backup Port
Learning Not forward data, learn MAC address table, calculate

spanning tree, receive and transfer BPDU.
Forwarding Forward data normally, learn MAC address table,

calculate spanning tree, receive and transfer BPDU.

Page 25
LTD. reserved
Port Status Transition Rule
Discarding Discarding
Loop exists, wait for

the other bridges
completing No loop exists or
calculation have waited for a
designated time,
then begin status
transition
Forwarding Forwarding

Page 26
LTD. reserved
Select New Root Port － No Loop Risk
SWA
Root
32768.00e0-fc16-ee43
Designated port
Designated port
for LANA
for LANB
LANA LANB
Root port
SWB
32768. SWC 32768.
00e0-fc41-4259 LANC 00e0-fc41-43b9
Alternate
port
Designated New root port will
port for LANC forward data
immediately

Page 27
LTD. reserved
Select New Designated Port － Edge Port
SWA
Root bridge
32768.00e0-fc16-ee43
LANA LANB
SWB SWC
32768. 32768.
00e0-fc41-4259 LANC 00e0-fc41-43b9
Edge port
LAND LANE

Page 28
LTD. reserved
Select New Designated Port － "Proposal-Agreement"
SWA SWB
Root
D E0/2 R
R
E0/1 D A D
Proposal Agreement
Enter into
Keep forwarding
forwarding
status
status D
R E0/2 Agreement E0/2 R D
Discarding E0/1 E0/1 New Root
D A
SWC R Proposal D SWD
Keep forwarding Enter into
status forwarding status

Page 29
LTD. reserved
Precondition of Negotiation Mechanism －
Point-to-point Link
SWE SWA
D Enter into
forwarding status
Proposal
prematurely
SWD LAN
Agreement
D R R
Proposal
SWB SWC

Page 31
LTD. reserved
Contents

Page 32
LTD. reserved
Disadvantage of Single Spanning Tree －
Some VLAN Paths are Disconnected
permit all
D VLANs to pass R
SWA SWB
D D
Root VLAN2 VLAN2 The path is cut,
VLAN3 VLAN3 path
disconnects
R A
Discarding
D D
SWC
VLAN2 VLAN3
LANA LANB

Page 33
LTD. reserved
Disadvantage of Single Spanning Tree －
Flow Balance Can Not Be Implemented
D R
SWA SWB
D D
Root VLAN2 This path is cut,
flow balance
VLAN3 can not be
R implemented
A
Discarding
D D
SWC
VLAN2 VLAN3
LANA LANB

Page 34
LTD. reserved
Disadvantage of Single Spanning Tree － Sub-
optimal Layer-2 Path
Create layer-3 Create layer-3

interface for VLAN2 interface for VLAN3
D R
SWA SWB
D D
Root VLAN2
VLAN3 sub-optimal
VLAN3 path
R A
Discarding
D D
SWC
VLAN2 VLAN3
LANA LANB

Page 35
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Concept － Multiple Spanning Tree
Instance
D R
SWA SWB
R D
D D D D
Root bridge Root bridge
for Instance 1 for Instance 2
A R
R A
Instance 1 includes Instance 2 includes
VLAN2 VLAN3
D D
SWC
VLAN2 VLAN3
LANA LANB

Page 36
LTD. reserved
MST Configuration Table
4096 2-byte element
0x0000 2 Bytes ............ 2 Bytes 0x0000
This value is MSTID of This value is MSTID of

MST Instance that MST Instance that
VLAN 1 maps to VLAN 4094 maps to

Page 37
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Concept － MST Region
Region A
Root bridge Region B Region C Root bridge

for Instance 1 for Instance 1
Instance 1 includes VLAN2 Instance 1 includes VLAN2

Page 38
LTD. reserved
MST Configuration Identifier
Configuration Identifier
1 Byte 0x00
Format Selector
Configuration
32 Bytes Configuration Name
Name
2 Bytes Revision Level Revision Level
MST Configuration
16 Bytes Configuration Digest
Digest

Page 39
LTD. reserved
MST Instance Calculation Process
SWA SWB
4096. D R 8192.
00e0-fc16-ee43 00e0-fc41-4259
D D
MSTI Regional
Root
R A
Instance 1: VLAN2 32768.

00e0-fc41-43b9
D
SWC
VLAN2
LANA LANB

Page 40
LTD. reserved
Single Spanning Tree Bridge
SST bridge SST bridge
Only support
RSTP
D R
D D
MSTI
Regional Root R A
Region A
Instance 1: VLAN2

Page 41
LTD. reserved
RSTP Compatible － CST
SST bridge
CST: common
spanning tree
Only support
RSTP R D
D
D
D R A R Root
D D
MSTI
Regional Root R A Region A
Instance 1: VLAN2

Page 42
LTD. reserved
Detail CST － CIST (Common and Internal
Spanning Tree)
CIST Root
R D
D Only support D
RSTP
A R
Region A R D
D R
D D D
D
MSTI CIST
Regional Root R A Regional Root
A R
Instance 1: VLAN2 IST: Instance 0

Page 43
LTD. reserved
CIST Basic Calculation Process
CIST Root
8192. R D 4096.
00e0-fc41-4259 00e0-fc16-ee43
D Only support D
RSTP
A R
32768. R D 32768.
000f-e212-f896 000f-e212-f890
D D
CIST
Region A Regional Root
A R
32768.
000f-e212-f8e1 IST: Instance 0

Page 44
LTD. reserved
Alternation Between MST Instance and CIST
－ Master Port
CIST Root
R D
D D Master port for

Only support
RSTP MST Instance 1
A R M
Region A R D
D R
D D D
D
MSTI CIST
Regional Root R A Regional Root
A R
Instance 1: VLAN2 IST: Instance 0

Page 45
LTD. reserved
Set CIST Port Role
Port role Rule
If the bridge is CIST Regional Root, then root port

indicates the nearest port to CIST Root; if the
Root Port bridge is not CIST Regional Root, then root port
indicates the nearest port to CIST Regional Root
of MST region.
It provides the shortest path to CIST Root for the

Designated Port network segment it connects.
Alternate Port/
It is the same as that in RSTP
Backup Port

Page 46
LTD. reserved
Set Port Role in MST Instance
Port role Rule

It is the nearest port to MSTI Regional Root of
Root Port MST Instance.
It provides the nearest path to MSTI Regional
Designated Root of MST Instance for the network segment it
Port connects.
Alternate Port/ It is the same with that in RSTP.
Backup Port
Master port is the egress for MST instance from
the MST region to CIST Root, it is also the root
Master Port port of CIST Regional Root in CIST; if edge ports
do not belong to the MST Instance, then this port
does not exist.

Page 47
LTD. reserved
Contents

Page 48
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Configuration － Physical Topology
SWA SWB
E1/0/15 E1/0/15
Trunk
MSTI E1/0/12 E1/0/13 MSTI

Regional Root Trunk Trunk Regional Root
E1/0/12 A A E1/0/13
Instance 1: VLAN2 Instance 2: VLAN3
E1/0/2 E1/0/3
SWC
VLAN2 VLAN3
LANA LANB

Page 49
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Configuration － Configure MST
Region Parameter of SWA
[SWA]stp enable
SWA SWB
[SWA]stp mode mstp
[SWA]stp region-configuration
[SWA-mst-region]region-name RegionA
[SWA-mst-region]revision-level 1
[SWA-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[SWA-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3
[SWA-mst-region]active region-configuration SWC
[SWA-mst-region]quit
[SWA]stp instance 1 priority 4096
[SWA]stp instance 2 priority 8192

Page 50
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Configuration － Configure
MST Region Parameter of SWB
[SWB]stp enable
SWA SWB [SWB]stp mode mstp

[SWB]stp region-configuration
[SWB-mst-region]region-name RegionA
[SWB-mst-region]revision-level 1
[SWB-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[SWB-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3
[SWB-mst-region]active region-configuration
SWC [SWB-mst-region]quit
[SWB]stp instance 1 priority 8192
[SWB]stp instance 2 priority 4096

Page 52
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Configuration － Configure
MST Region Parameter of SWC
SWA SWB
[SWC]stp enable
[SWC]stp mode mstp
[SWC]stp region-configuration
[SWC-mst-region]region-name RegionA
[SWC-mst-region]revision-level 1
[SWC-mst-region]instance 1 vlan 2
[SWC-mst-region]instance 2 vlan 3 SWC
[SWC-mst-region]active region-configuration
[SWC-mst-region]quit

Page 53
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Configuration － Set RSTP Point-to-
point Link and Edge Port
[SWA]interface Ethernet 1/0/12
[SWA-Ethernet1/0/12]stp point-to-point force-true
[SWA]interface Ethernet 1/0/15
[SWA-Ethernet1/0/15]stp point-to-point force-true
[SWB]interface Ethernet 1/0/13

[SWB-Ethernet1/0/13]stp point-to-point force-true
[SWB]interface Ethernet 1/0/15
[SWB-Ethernet1/0/15]stp point-to-point force-true
[SWC]interface Ethernet 1/0/12

[SWC-Ethernet1/0/12]stp point-to-point force-true
[SWC-Ethernet1/0/13]stp point-to-point force-true
[SWC-Ethernet1/0/2]stp edged-port enable
[SWC-Ethernet1/0/3]stp edged-port enable

Page 54
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Configuration － Verify MSTP
Information
[SWA]display stp brief
MSTID Port Role STP State Protection
0 Ethernet1/0/12 DESI FORWARDING NONE
0 Ethernet1/0/15 ROOT FORWARDING NONE
[SWB]display stp brief


Page 56
LTD. reserved
MSTP Basic Configuration － Verify MSTP
Information
[SWC]display stp brief

0 Ethernet1/0/12 ALTE DISCARDING NONE

Page 57
LTD. reserved
Summary
 What is the RSTP port role?
 How many parts does CIST include?
 What is the function of Master port?

Page 58
LTD. reserved
Thank you
www.huawei.com

MSTP Principles and Configuration

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

MSTP Principles and Configuration

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

MSTP Principle and

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

This course will introduce the principle of

MSTP can solve the loop problem in the

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Chapter 2 MSTP Principle and Path

Selection among MST Regions

Chapter 3 MSTP Configuration

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Wrong destination port

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

 STP is used to prevent loops in the LAN

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

DMAC SMAC Length Data FCS

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

 IEEE 802.1D defines that a BID is composed of a 16-bit bridge

priority and a bridge MAC address. The bridge priority occupies

Priority MAC Adress

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

32768. SWB SWC 32768.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Designated Designated Designated

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Port role Description

Root port is the nearest port from root switch, it is in

It forwards data from network segment it connects to

it doesn’t forward any data to network segment it

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

 Hello Time: The bridge cyclically sends BPDU from a designated

port at the period of Hello Time.

 Max Age: sets the maximum time a BPDU is saved

 Forward Delay: Maximum delay for configuration message to be

broadcasted to the whole network

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Port enables Port disables

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Port status Description

Port will forward data, learn MAC address, calculate spanning

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

New root port

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

SWC Topology change

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Has a slow network topology

Proposal/Agreement mechanism helps a

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Discard the data received, not forward data, not learn

Learning Not forward data, learn MAC address table, calculate

Forwarding Forward data normally, learn MAC address table,

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Loop exists, wait for

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., All rights

Chapter 2 MSTP Principle and Path

Selection among MST Regions

Chapter 3 MSTP Configuration