Power Quality Standards in

China
PQSynergy 2010, by Yan&Terry
 China
• A huge “manufactory” of the world
• Huge losses due to power quality
problems each year.
– Who is/are responsible?
 Question
• How many PQ standards are there in
China?
 Current Chinese PQ standards(1)
• Voltage regulations -GB/T 12325-2003
• Frequency-GB/T 15945-1995
• Unbalance-GB/T 15543-1995
• Harmonics-GB/T 14549-1993
• Flickers (Pst & Plt) -GB 12326-2000
– Wrote by utilities.
 Current Chinese PQ standards(2)
• Temporary and transient overvoltages -
GB/T 18481-2001
– Criticized by utilities– Strict supervision to
utilities; many limits in the standard.
– Difficult to carry out the measurement.
– Never used—”waste money”
– Reasonalbe? – limits, measurement costs,
impacts…
 Current Chinese PQ standards(3)
• Measurement and assessment of Power
quality characteristics of Wind turbine
generator system -GB/T 20320-2006
– No supervision from government.
No penalty, waste money.
Problems when wind farms connect with
power grids.
--(same problems for government investment
for smart grid)
 Current Chinese PQ standards(4)
• General requirements for monitoring
equipments of power quality
– Wrote by utilities and domestic PQ instrument
vendors (sponsor), dominated by domestic
PQ instrument vendors.
– Low level requirement for specifications
 Chinese PQ Standards
• Neutral and fair?
• Effective – play roles?
• Easy to carry out?
Revised Chinese PQ standards
• Voltage regulations -GB/T 12325-2003
• Frequency-GB/T 15945-1995
• Unbalance-GB/T 15543-1995
• Harmonics-GB/T 14549-1993
• Flickers (Pst & Plt) -GB 12326-2000
 New Chinese PQ standards
• Inter-harmonics
– Wrote by utility members and to protect
utilities.
PQ standards – from the viewpoint
of utility
• Protect utilities from facility’ impact to
utility’s equipment
– Arc furnace (Ion & steel plants)
– Forging equipment
PQ standards – from the viewpoint
of facility
• Provide good power supply to meet the
need.
PQ standards– from the viewpoints
of others
• Government
• Consulting companies
• PQ equipment manufacturers
 Standards for other products and
supervision
• Water
– Drinking water
– Neutral water
• Neutral Gas
• Cars
• Shoes
 Supervision
• Supervision to facilities
• Supervision to utilities
• Third party organization?
• Penalty? – contract of Detroit Utility and
car manufacturers.
 Attentions to power quality
• Utilities—depending on management.
– Some utilities spend little money on power
quality.
– Protect system equipment from damage.
• No penalty allowed.
• Shut off power supply
• Facilities– depending on demand.
– Complain
– Solution equipment.
 Problems of the PQ standards
• Currently considered for overall aspects.
– Effective to economy?
– Consideration of customer’s demands?—too
general?
 Last year’s discussion by Terry
• Classify customers according to PQ
demands
• Detail PQ standards--Different standard
limits for different classifications of
customers.
• Different rates for different PQ supply
levels.
 IEC PQ standards
• Influence to Chinese PQ standards.
Questions?