Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE
Amorphous vs Crystalline
Polycrystalline Solids
Polycrystals are made up of an aggregate of many small single
crystals (also called crystallites or grains).
Grains (domains) are separated by grain boundaries.
The grains are usually 100 nm - 100 microns in diameter.
Polycrystals with grains less than 10 nm in diameter are
nanocrystalline.
CRYSTAL LATTICE
In crystallography, only the geometrical properties of the crystal
are of interest, therefore one replaces each atom by a point
located at the equilibrium position of that atom.
others
S S
S S S
b S S S S S
a
S S S S S
Different Types of Unit Cells
Primitive unit cell is a unit cell containing only a single lattice point.
2-D Example - NaCl
SC BCC FCC
SC, BCC, and FCC Lattices
Fig. 3.1 (from Kittle) The cubic space lattices. The cells shown are the
conventional cells.
SC, BCC, and FCC Lattices
Check Point
CsCl NaCl
e.g. ZnO
Tetrahedral coordination
Crystallographic Direction
Check Point
Equivalence of Directions
Crystal Planes
Indexing a Negative Plane
More Examples
z
{100}
x
{110}
Check Point
Relation between Plane and Direction
(001)
Miller-Bravais Index
e.g. (11 2)