MATERIALS

RECEIVING
INSPECTION

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TYPES OF MATERIALS
Part 1
Pipe, fittings & Rolled Products (i.e.
Plates, Sheets)
• Standards/Codes and their
interpretation

Part 2
Consumables
• Standards/Codes & their
Interpretation

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MATERIALS

Part 1

PIPE AND PIPE FITTINGS

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 STANDARDS

• Any specification, test method, definition, classification or practice

about materials, products or services is called a standard.

• Any standard is acceptable only when it is approved by a

committee/organisation set up by a Society or Institute.

A.S.T.M. American Society of Testing & Materials

A.I.S.I. American Institute of Steel & Iron
A.S.M.E. American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
A.N.S.I. American National Standard Institute
A.P.I. American Petroleum Institute
A.C.I. Alloy Casting Institute
S.A.E. Society of Automobile Engineers
B.S.S. British Steel Standards
D.I.N. German Steel Standards
J.I.S. Japanese Industrial Standards
A.F.N.O.R. French Industrial Standards
A.I.S.C. American Institute of Steel Construction
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 CARBON STEEL PIPES
Handout
Chemical
The most common type of Carbon Steel pipe used:
Composition

• ASTM A- 53
- The pipe is available in electric resistance welded construction
( Grade A and B) and Seamless construction (Grade A and B)

- The most common finishes are “Black” and “Galvanised”

• ASTM A-106
- This pipe is available in seamless construction in three grades
Grade A, B and C

- This pipe have properties similar to A-53, however the

testing requirements are more stringent and the tensile
strength is more

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 STAINLESS STEEL PIPES
Stainless Steel pipe is specified when any of the following
properties are desired:
• Resistance to corrosion

• Good Heat Transfer

• High tensile strength at high temperature

The most common type of Stainless Steel used in

the process industry are:
ASTM A- 312 TP 304.
Handout
ASTM A- 312 TP 304L. Chemical
ASTM A- 312 TP 310. Composition
ASTM A- 312 TP 316.
ASTM A- 312 TP 316L.
ASTM A- 312 TP 321.
ASTM A- 312 TP 347.
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 DUPLEX STAINLESS STEEL PIPES

• Duplex stainless steels are balanced to have about

40-50% ferrite with the balance being austenite.

• The characteristic benefits of duplex stainless steels :

• strength
• toughness
• corrosion resistance
• resistance to stress corrosion cracking

Handout
Chemical
Composition

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 FORMS OF STEEL PIPES

Pipes are available in three forms

1. Seamless
This type is made by piercing solid billets

2. Straight – Seam Welded

These pipes are made from plate

3. Spiral Welded
These pipes are made from plate

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 PIPE
SPECIFICATION

SCHEDULE 5s SCHEDULE 10s

Nom. Outside Nom.

Nom.Wall
Pipe Size Dia. O.D. Wall
Weight/Ft. Thicknes Weight/Ft.
Thicknes
s
s.
2 1/2 2.875 0.083 2.5 0.120 3.8

3 3.500 0.083 3.1 0.120 4.6

4 4.500 0.083 4.0 0.120 6.0

6 6.625 0.109 7.8 0.134 9.5

8 8.625 0.109 10.1 0.148 14.7

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PIPE & TUBE INSPECTION
 Pipe, specified by:
 nominal pipe size &
 schedule

 Tube, specified by:

 outside diameter &
 thickness
Wall Thickness

O.D I.D

Length

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PIPE DIMENSIONS

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PIPE FITTINGS

Codes & Specifications

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FLANGES

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 FLANGES

• Size/dimensions

 Bolt holes in flanges:

 Equally spaced
 Specification
 number of holes Pressure
 diameter Rating
 bolt circle Handout
 hole size
 bolting configuration
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ELBOWS

Elbows are used for changing in direction of the run of

pipe.

TYPES:

45° Elbow. This type is used for changing the direction of

the fluid to 45°.

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ELBOWS

Elbows are used for changing in direction of the run of

pipe.

TYPES:

90° Elbow. This type is used for changing the direction

of the fluid to 90°.

The elbows are available in “long radius” LR as well

as “short radius ” SR.

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ELBOWS

Elbows are used for changing in direction of the run of

pipe.

TYPES:

180° Elbow. This type is used for changing the direction

of the fluid to 180°.

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TEE
Used for T-branching of flow in pipes.

Tee has two types:

1- Straight.
Straight Tee applies when the branch and the header
sizes are the same.

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TEE

2- Reducing.

Reducing Tee applies when the branch size is smaller

than the header size.

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Coupling

Coupling joins two pieces of pipe or male connections.

It also stubs-in a small pipe or connection into a large one.

Couplings are either “Full” or “Half”.

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Cross
Cross is used for distributing same fluid to different
instruments.

These are normally used where space is restricted.

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Nipple Swage Nipples

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REDUCER
Reducers are used where it is required to join pipeline of
different diameters.

Two types:
1- Concentric Reducer.
2- Eccentric Reducer.

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Weldolet

Sweepolet

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Elbowlet

Latrolet

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Sockolet Nipolet

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TYPES OF VALVES

1. Gate valve

2. Globe valve

3. Check valve

4. Ball valve

5. Needle valve

6. Butterfly valve
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Training Excellence
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MATERIALS

Part 2

CONSUMABLES

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FABRICATION & WELDING
CONSUMABLES

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CONSUMABLES

• Electrodes / filler wire

• Gases
• Cutting and grinding discs
• Metal markers
• Films for radiography
• Testing media (water)
• Passivation paste
• Dye-penetrants
• Wire brushes

HANDOUT

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TYPICAL PURCHASE ORDER FOR

- WELDING ELECTRODES

- FILLER WIRE & OTHERS

CONSUMABLES

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BOLTS &

STUDS

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 NUT & BOLTS

• Size/dimensions

 Bolt types
1- Stud bolts, two nuts

2- Machine bolts, one nut

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 GASKETS
• Major Types

• Materials

• Size/dimensions

• Pressure rating

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MTC

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 MTC

Insert Better version from DESCON

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VERIFICATION ITEMS
•Material Technical Acceptance (MTA)
For ARAMCO & Material Approval
Request (MAR) for SABIC
•Purchase Order
•Material Specs.
•Material Grade
•Dimensions
•Heat/Lot Number
•Rating (In case of Flange, Gasket,
Valves & Olets)

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