Chemical Engineering Department

A Presentation on
“Remediation of Oil Spillage”
What is Oil Spillage?
• Leakage of Oil into the environment
causing ecosystem disruption

• Marine Oil Spill – Oil Spill into ocean or

coastal bodies

• Land Oil Spill – Occurring on Land

 Major Oil Spills in the World
1. BP Oil Spill- Gulf of Mexico, 20th April,2010.

Cause: Wellhead blowout

Spill Volume: 4.9 Million Barrels
Causalities: 11 people killed, 17 injured, 8000+ organisms affected

2. Exxon Valdez Oil Spill- Alaska, 24th March,1989.

Cause: Grounding of the Exxon Valdez oil tanker

Spill Volume: 35,000 MT

3. Sanchi Oil Tanker Collision- East China Sea, 6th Jan 2018.

Cause: Collision
Spill Volume: 2000 tonnes

4. Ennore Oil Spill-Chennai, 28th Jan 2017.

Cause: Collision
Spill Volume: 37000 m3
 Causes of Oil Spill

1. Natural Causes

2. Anthropogenic causes

3. Accidental Spills

4. Intentional Oil Discharges

 Conventional Techniques for Oil Remediation

1. Skimmers

2. Pumps

3. Booms Booms Dispersants

4. Mechanical Separators

5. Dispersants

6. In-Situ Burning etc.

Adsorbents In-Situ burning
Skimmers

Mechanical Devices for Oil Removal

Advantages:

1. Complete Oil Recovery

Disadvantages:

1. Rough sea condition

2. Limited Availability

3. Not efficient in thin slicks

In-Situ Burning Dispersants
Advantages: Breaks down
the oil in
1. Rapid Removal of large smaller
quantities of oil droplets

2. Less Labour and clean Toxic for

up techniques Marine
environment
Disadvantages:

1. Toxic Emission
 New Methods and Materials
1. Sorbents

Recent Sorbents development:

- Dimethylaminopyridine catalysed acetylation of raw cotton samples with

acetic anhydride. Hydrophobic and Oleophilic

- Paper Mill Sludge Sorbent- Kaolin product obtain from incineration

- Hyper Adsorbent Peat Moss and Mushroom and Hair

Mushroom & Hair Peat Moss

The new polymer made by Dr Justin Chalker at Flinders University from used
cooking oil, sodium chloride and sulphur is environmentally beneficial
 Bio Remediation
Aids in Breaking chemical bond and transferring electrons away from organic
compounds by oxidation-reduction reaction
Biodegradation Rate
Saturates>Aromatics>Asphaltens>Resins

Mechanism of PAH bioavailability using surfactants

 Nanotechnology/Nanomaterials
Advantage of Large Surface Area on a mass basis
- Cu2O nano rods on phosphor-copper mesh, surface modified with 1-
dodecanethiol, impacted super hydrophobicity and superoleophilicity
 Conclusions

• Oil Spill causes and its impacts are studied

• Conventional Methods advantages and disadvantages for Oil

Remediation are studied

• New Methods and Techniques are discussed which can be

applied in future for better results.
THANK YOU