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• Phi Coefficient
Step 3: Choose Alpha Level
• Use Alpha Level = .05
• Interpreted as “There is a 5% chance
that a significant relationship really
does not exist although the results
indicate one does (5% chance of
committing a Type I error or stated as
5% chance of rejecting the Null
hypothesis when in reality it is false).
Step 4: Determine the Critical Score
• For the Phi Coefficient, the critical score is
determined using a Chi Square Table.
• The first column is the Degrees of Freedom
and the other columns are the Alpha levels.
• The degrees of freedom for the Phi
Coefficient is equal to 1.00
• (Rows-1)(Columns-1)= (2-1)*(2-1)=1.00
• At .05 and DF = 1.00, the critical score is
3.84
Chi Square Table
Step 5: Run the Test
Yes A B E
No C D F
Total G H
Example Data
Males Females Total
Yes 4 6 10
No 11 8 19
Total 15 14 29
Phi Coefficient Test Formula
(bc ad )
(efgh)
Phi Coefficient Test Formula