Dassault Rafale

By
Amit Bardhan (17810012)
Debayan Chakraborty (17810017)
Mohit Verma (17810036)
Nisheet Gulati (178100)
Rahul Sonkar (17810049)
Satyajit Roy (17810062)
Global aerospace industry (in 2017)
Global Aerospace Industry size in 2017 (in US$ billion)
India 11
Spain 14.4
Japan 21
Canada 24
Russia 27.1
Germany 46.2
UK 48.8
China 61
France 69
USA 408.4
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450
Country of Origin

Source: Statista
Global Customers – Defence Expenditure
MILITARY EXPENDITURE BY COUNTRY (IN US$ B), 2018
Rest of the World, 310,
18%

United States, 643.3,

Iraq, 19.6, 1% 38%
Israel, 21.6, 1%
Italy, 24.9, 1%
Australia, 26.6, 2%
Brazil, 28, 2%
South Korea, 39.2, 2%
Germany, 45.7, 3%
Japan, 47.3, 3% Source: SIPRI 2018 fact sheet
France, 53.4, 3%
UK, 56.1, 3%
India, 57.9, 3%
Russia, 63.1, 4%Arabia, 82.9, 5%China, 168.2, 10%
Saudi
Jet Fighter Generations
 First generation fighters (1942-1950) – Me 262 (Nazi Germany)
 Second generation fighters (1650-60) – Lockheed F-104 Starfighter
 Third generation fighters (1960-1975) – MiG 27, MiG 25, MiG 23
 Fourth generation fighters (1975-2005) – Dassault Rafale, MiG 35
 Fifth generation fighters (2005-current) – F-22, F-35, Su-57, AMCA
 Sixth generation fighters (proposed) – F/A-XX, European New
Generation Aircraft, Mitsubishi X-2 Shinshin, Future Combat Air
System, MiG-41, Tempest
About Dassault Aviation
 To its Defence segment customers, Dassault Aviation offers a complete
and personalized support system as well as a range of products and
services designed for: management of operations, training pilots,
training mechanics, implementation, maintenance and upkeep of
aircraft.
 Founded in 1929 by Marcel Bloc as MB or Société des Avions Marcel
Bloch. The name was changed to Avions Marcel Dassault on 20 Jan 1947. In
1990, company was renamed Dassault Aviation.
 CEO – Éric Trappier (since 9 Jan 2013)
 HQ – Paris (France)
Overview of Dassault Rafale
 The Rafale is a twin-jet fighter aircraft able to operate from both an aircraft
carrier and a shore base. The fully versatile Rafale is able to carry out all
combat aviation missions: air superiority and air defense, close air support, in-
depth strikes, reconnaissance, anti-ship strikes and nuclear deterrence.

 The Rafale entered service with the French Navy in 2004 and with the French
Air Force in 2006. With more than 30,000 flight hours in operations, it has
proven its worth in combat in Afghanistan, Libya, Mali, Iraq and Syria. The
Rafale was ordered by Egypt, Qatar and India.

 Variants: C(single-seat/land), B(twin-seat/land), M (single-seat/carrier), DH,

EH, F4
 Product Specifications
Store Stations
Total 14 Heavy-wet 5
Dimensions
Wingspan 10.90 m Length 15.30 m Height 5.30 m
Performances
Max thrust 2x7.5t Limit load -3.2g/+9g Max speed 1.8 Mach/
factors 750 knots
Approach <120 knots Landing 450 m w/o Service 50 000+ ft
speed ground run drag-chute ceiling
Weight
Fuel (int) 4.7 t Fuel (ext) 6.7 t Ext load 9.5 t
Overall empty wt 10 t Max take-off wt 24.5 t
 Competition by specifications - I
Aircraft Rafale Typhoon F-16(F-21) F-A/18 SH JAS 39 NG MiG 35
Origin France UK/IT/GER/ USA USA Sweden Russia
SP
Manufacturer Dassault Eurofighter Lockheed Boeing Saab RAC-MiG
Aviation GmbH Martin Defence
Length (m) 15.27 15.96 15.03 18.31 14.1 17.3
Wingspan (m) 10.80 10.95 10.0 13.62 8.4 12
Height (m) 5.34 5.28 5.09 4.88 4.5 4.7
Wingarea (m2) 45.7 50.0 27.9 46.5 30.0 38.0
Empty wt (kg) 9 500 11 000 9 979 14 552 7 100 11 000
Max payload 9 500 7 500 7 800 8 050 5 300 7 000
MTOW (kg) 24 500 23 500 21 800 29 937 14 300 29 000
 Competition by specifications - II
Aircraft Rafale Typhoon F-16(F-21) F-A/18 SH JAS 39 NG MiG 35
Dry thrust (kN) 2x50 2x60 84 2x62.3 62.3 2x53
Aft thrust (kN) 2x75 2x90 144 2x98 98 2x88.3
Int fuel (kg) 4 700 4 996 3 265 6 780 3 360 4 800
Ext stations / wet 14/5 13/3 11/3 11/5 10/4 9/5
Max speed 1.8+ M 2.0+ M 2.05 M 1.8 M 2.0+ M 2.25 M
Ferry range (km) 3 700+ 3 790+ 4 220+ 3 050+ 4 075 3 000
Combat radius (km) 1 800 1 390 550 722 1 300 1 000
Service ceiling (ft) 56 000 65 000 60 000 50 000 56 000 57 400
Rate of climb (m/s) 305 315 254 228 NA 330
 Competition by specifications - III
Aircraft Rafale Typhoon F-16(F-21) F-A/18 SH JAS 39 NG MiG 35
Thrust/Weight 1.13 1.18 1.10 0.93 1.18 1.10
Thrust vectoring No Yes No No No Yes
Runway needed 400 m 700 m NA NA NA NA
Unit cost ($ US mil) 84.48 108 50 55 48 38.5
Powerplant 2xSnecma 2xEurojet GE F110- 2xGE F414- GE F414G 2xKlimov
M88-2 EJ200 132 400 RD-33MK
Radar (AESA) RBE2 AA Captor-E APG-83 AN/APG- Raven ES- Zhuk-A/AE
79 05
Features & Benefits
 Omnirole by Design
 Fully-optimized airframe
 Wide range of smart and discrete sensors
 Sheer power of multi-sensor data fusion
 Full-range of advanced weapons
 Mission-ready with low operating costs
 Combat proven
Elements of a Fully Capable Military
Aircraft Organization

Source: Jeffrey A. Drezner et al., “Maintaining Future Military Aircraft Design Capability”, Santa
Monica, California, US: RAND, R-4199-AF, 1992
 Value Chain of Dassault Rafale
Component Subassembly Post-production
Final Product Distribution End-User
Production Production Services

Laser Engines: Dassault Dassault French Air Support &

Designation Safran Rafale Rafale Force, Upgrade
Pod: Missiles: A/B/C/D/M/ A/B/C/D/M/ French Navy, Activities,
Damocles MBDA N/R/DM/EM/ N/R/DM/EM/ Egypt, India, Weapon
GIAT: Nexter Radar: DH/EH/F4 DH/EH/F4 Qatar System
Defence Thales Integration

Supporting Institutions & Organizations

Flight Simulators: Design: Dassault Government:
Sogitec Systemes France
Product Lifecycle

nEUROn Rafale Mirage 2000

PLC Timeline of Dassault Rafale
 Market Development – 1986-2001 (Technology demonstrators and
prototypes were built)
 Market Growth – 2001-2018 (175 units produced for French Air Force,
French Navy, Egypt)
 Market Maturity – 2018-2030 (200+ units to be produced for French Air
Force, French Navy, India, Qatar)
 Market Decline – 2030 onwards
Why Dassault Rafale is in Maturity Stage?
 Very few customers and numerous failed potential bids (Algeria, Brazil,
Greece, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Singapore,
South Korea, Switzerland, UAE) due to higher costs than the competitors.
 Production rates have been stable but haven’t realized any big offers yet.
 Being a contender of the Indian MMRCA 2.0 deal can be the last leaf for the
Dassault Rafale programme.
 Research and development work is being shifted from Rafale to the sixth
generation fighter aircraft development programme called as the New
Generation Fighter. The NGF is intended to replace Dassault Rafale of French
Air Force and French Navy, Eurofighter Typhoon of German Air Force and
F/A-18 Hornet of Spain.
 It caters to the high-end customers which is only 25% of fighter export sales.
Why Dassault Rafale is in Maturity Stage?
 Ina March 2012 statement, Charles Edelstenne (Former CEO, Dasault
Aviation) pointed out the export issues of Rafale and said

“When one is in a country like India which is an open country and in which
Americans do not have the same weight as countries that are their private
hunting preserve, we have a chance. And this chance, we got it… The market
for the Rafale, it is countries that do not want or can not buy or American
countries who want to have a second source while buying American. Now all
countries, except two, where we lost, were countries that did not fit this
definition.”
Parameters
 High competition from low-cost Gripen, bulkier Su-35 and US jets.
 High acquisition costs per unit – 25% of the costs are due to advanced
avionics.
 High operational costs – It costs US$ 16 500 per flight hour for Rafale
compared to US$ 4 700 per flight hour for Saab Gripen.
 Number of contractors – over 500 contractors in France alone
 Improvement in technology demand – stealth & reduced cross section,
super-cruise, super-maneuverability, advanced avionics, network data fusion,
multi-role capabilities, situational awareness, software defined aircraft,
combat cloud
 Naval variant demand is extremely low across the globe.
Brand Value Chain of Dassault Rafale
Brand Value Chain of Dassault Rafale
Value Stages
 Marketing Programme Investment
Participation in Air Shows. Dassault Rafale was recently showcased at LIMA 2019
exhibition.
 Customer Mind-set
Dassault Aviation provides customer solution centers for existing and new
customers.
 Brand Performance
Offset obligations were provided to India in the 36 Rafale purchase agreement.
 Shareholder Value
Dassault Rafale is made with French contractors which makes it’s orders stable.
Brand Value Chain of Dassault Rafale
Multipliers
 Program Multiplier – Rafale is a premium medium sized multirole combat aircraft,
the components are manufactured by French companies like Thales, Safran, MBDA.
Customer Multiplier – The customer size is very low for Air Force variant and
extremely low for Naval variant. It is considered as a premium product.
 Market Multiplier – Mirage 2000, Mirage III of Dassault Aviation has a rich history
of performance. Due to the advent of new competitors and shift in home-based
production, the growth potential is very limited.
Driving The Brand by using PLC
 About 70% of Dassault Aviation’s revenue comes from the sales of civil
aircrafts of Falcon class. The remaining is the defence revenue which comes
from the sales of fighter aircrafts, upgradation, retrofitting, fleet sustainment
and UAS.
 Approximately 13% of defence revenue for Dassault Aviation comes from
countries other than France.
 Dassault maintains a global manufacturing and services presence.
 Offered in batches, the order backlogs for export have reduced enabling
Dassault Aviation to fulfill the customer requirements at a faster rate in the last
5 years.
How Brand Affects PLC
 In 2019, Dassault Aviation appeared at 20th position of all the aerospace and
defence sector companies across the globe. While it was at 17th position in the
previous year.
 From 2006-10, Dassault defence sales declined at an 8% of CAGR. However,
it saw a recovery and sales grew at 14% CAGR from 2010-13. From 2016
onwards, the sales growth have marginalized.
 The demand for Dassault Rafale is to be reinvented because the path for New
Generation Fighter (NGF) of Dassault Aviation will provide systems for Rafale
as well offering improved capabilities to the fighter aircraft.
Rafale France
Rafale France
Rafale Egypt and Qatar
Rafale India
Future replacement

 In2018, Dassault announced the successor to the Rafale as

the New Generation Fighter. This fighter aircraft is under
development by Dassault Aviation and Airbus Defence and
Space, is to replace France's Rafale, Germany's Eurofighter
Typhoon, and Spain's F/A-18 Hornet in 2035-40 timeframe.
Thank You