Presented by :

Rupesh Singh
16BCON161
 Content
 Introduction
 History of Daknet
 Why Daknet
 Ad-hoc network
 Design Principles
 Daknet network Architecture
 How Daknet works
 Uses of Daknet
 Advantages of Daknet
 Features of Daknet
 Daknet in Action
 Conclusion
 References
 Introduction
 Daknet, whose name derives from the Hindi
word “Dak” is an ad hoc network , using wireless
technology to provide digital connectivity.
 Daknet uses an Ad-Hoc Network that uses wireless
network technology to provide asynchronous digital
connectivity.
 It was developed by MIT Media Lab Researchers.
 History of Daknet

 Originally coined in the 1970s to designate networks

which were isolated from ARPANET (which evolved
into the Internet) for security purposes, darknet were
able to receive data from ARPANET but had addresses
which did not appear in the network lists and would
not answer pings or other inquiries.
 Why Daknet?
 Provide non real-time infrastructures and applications
such as voice mail, e-mail, and electronic bulletin
boards.
 Provide store- and forward or asynchronous modes of
communication that is significantly lower in cost and
do not necessarily sacrifice the functionality required
to deliver services.
 Simpler to add in a device to the system.
 Low maintenance cost.
 Ad-Hoc Network

 An ad-hoc wireless network is a collection of wireless

mobile hosts forming a temporary network without
the aid of any established infrastructure or centralized
control.
 Design Principles
 Lower costs by sharing
 Store and forward self-describing data
 Separate locationing and addressing
 Use all links, opportunistically, if necessary
 Separate data and control plane
 Proxies for legacy support
 Replication for reliability
 Daknet Network Architecture
There are only three
parts of a Daknet
Architecture :

• Mobile access point.

• Hub.
• Kiosk.
 Mobile Access Point
Daknet travels data over short point to point links between
kiosks and portable storage devices called mobile access
points. Mobile Access Point is mounted on and powered by
a bus or motorcycle, or even a bicycle with a small
generator. MAPs are installed on vehicles that normally
pass by each village to provide store-and-forward
connectivity.
 MAP Equipment
MAP Equipments used on the bus are :
 A custom embedded PC running Linux with 802.11b
wireless card and 512 Mbytes of compact flash
memory.
 A 100-mW amplifier, cabling, mounting equipment,
and an Omni directional antenna.
 An uninterruptible power supply powered by the bus
battery.
 Hub
It is a common connection point for devices in a network. It
is used to connect segments of a LAN. It contains multiple
ports. Packet at one port copied to all other ports-all
segments see all packets. When the vehicle passes near an
internet access point the hub it synchronizes all the data
from different kiosks using the internet.
 Kiosk

It is a booth providing a computer related service such as

ATM. In each village there is kiosk. It enable user to enter
and display information on the same device. Either
directional or Omni directional antennas are located at
each of the kiosks or hubs.
 Wi-Fi Cards
In Daknet a wireless card i.e. Wifi card is mounted on
a vehicle that travels around to remote villages and
exchanges updated information with each kiosk it
encounters through WiFi.
Advantages of using WiFi cards

 Increase mobility.
 Cost for setting up a network is much less than
running wires.
 WiFi has a global set of standards.
 support encryption in order to protect the data that is
being transmitted.
How Daknet Works
Continue…..
1. The MAP devices are mounted on specific
transports that regularly pass through a series of
villages.
2. As the vehicle carrying the MAP comes within range
of each village they automatically sense a wireless
connection with a kiosk and deliver and collect data
at relatively high bandwidth.
3. Whenever a MAP comes within range of another
kiosk or a hub, data is automatically uploaded to
and downloaded from the internet.
4. These steps are repeated for all the vehicles carrying
MAP, thus providing a low cost wireless network and
seamless communication infrastructure .
 Uses of Daknet
 To better protect the privacy rights of citizens from
targeted and mass surveillance.
 Protecting dissidents from political reprisal.
 Whistle blowing and news leaks.
 Computer crime (hacking, file corruption etc.)
 Sale of restricted goods on darknet markets.
 File sharing (warez, personal files, pornography,
confidential files, illegal or counterfeit software etc.)
 Advantages of Daknet
 Daknet allows for low cost and low power radio devices
to be used.
 The use of short distance radio links also ensures high
data rated.
 Does not have the interference problem.
 Security problem is not there.
 Maintenance cost associated with long distance
wireless links.
 Dis-Advantages of Daknet

 Separate locating and addressing.

 Separate data and control plane.
 Proxies for Legacy support.
 Features of Daknet
 Since it avoids using phone lines or expensive
equipment, Daknet provides one of the lowest-cost
accessibility solutions in the world.
 The same hardware, software and user interface can be
used to enjoy real-time information access.
 It has the ability to provide a seamless method of
upgrading to always -on broadband connectivity.
 Daknet in Action
Daknet is currently in action in many places. They are
1. Boomi Initiative in Karnataka.
2. SARI(Sustainable access for Rural India) project of
Tamil Nadu.
3. Ratnakiri project in Cambodia.
 Conclusion

We have discussed all the benefits of DAKNET and it

is evidently helpful in developing countries like
“INDIA” by providing Technology to everyone. The
current focus is on further lowering the cost of the
required equipment.
 References

 WWW.SLIDESSHARE.COM
 WWW.WIKIPEDIA.COM
 WWW.DAKNET.NET , etc.