Presentation on

Industrial automation system

using PLC
 AUTOMATION OR AUTOMATIC CONTROL, IS THE USE
OF VARIOUS CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR OPERATING
EQUIPMENT SUCH AS MACHINERY, PROCESSES IN
FACTORIES, BOILERS AND HEAT TREATING OVENS,
SWITCHING IN TELEPHONE NETWORKS, AND
AIRCRAFT AND OTHER APPLICATIONS WITH
MINIMAL OR REDUCED HUMAN EFFORT. SOME
PROCESSES HAVE BEEN COMPLETELY AUTOMATED.
 A RELAY IS AN ELECTRICALLYT OPERATED SWITCH.
MANY RELAYS USE AN ELECTROMAGNET TO
MECHANICALLY OPERATE A SWITCH, BUT OTHER
OPERATING PRINCIPLES ARE ALSO USED, SUCH AS
SOLID-STATE RELAYS. RELAYS ARE USED WHERE IT
IS NECESSARY TO CONTROL A CIRCUIT BY A LOW-
POWER SIGNAL (WITH COMPLETE ELECTRICAL
ISOLATION BETWEEN CONTROL AND CONTROLLED
CIRCUITS), OR WHERE SEVERAL CIRCUITS MUST BE
CONTROLLED BY ONE SIGNAL.
 RELAYS ARE SWITCHES THAT OPEN AND CLOSE CIRCUITS
ELECTROMECHANICALLY OR ELECTRONICALLY. RELAYS
CONTROL ONE ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT BY OPENING AND
CLOSING CONTACTS IN ANOTHER CIRCUIT. WHEN A RELAY
CONTACT IS NORMALLY OPEN (NO), THERE IS AN OPEN
CONTACT WHEN THE RELAY IS NOT ENERGIZED. WHEN A
RELAY CONTACT IS NORMALLY CLOSED (NC), THERE IS A
CLOSED CONTACT WHEN THE RELAY IS NOT ENERGIZED. IN
EITHER CASE, APPLYING ELECTRICAL CURRENT TO THE
CONTACTS WILL CHANGE THEIR STATE.
 A PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLER, PLC OR
PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLLER IS A DIGITAL
COMPUTER USED FOR AUTOMATION OF TYPICALLY
INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES.
 PLCS ARE USED IN MANY INDUSTRIES AND
MACHINES. PLCS ARE DESIGNED FOR MULTIPLE
ANALOGUE AND DIGITAL INPUTS AND OUTPUT
ARRANGEMENTS.
 REDUCED SPACE.
 IMPROVED QUALITY.

 ZERO HUMAN ERROR

 ENERGY SAVING.

 EASE OF MAINTENANCE .

 GREATER LIFE (45-50 YRS)& RELIABILITY.

 TREMENDOUS FLEXIBILITY.

 SHORTER PROJECT TIME.

 EASIER STORAGE, ARCHIVING AND DOCUMENTATION.

 COMMUNICATION CAPABILITIES.
 THE LANGUAGE USED FOR PLC PROGRAMMING IS
LADDER LOGIC.

 LADDER LOGIC IS A PROGRAMMING

LANGUAGE THAT REPRESENTS A PROGRAM BY A
GRAPHICAL DIAGRAM BASED ON THE CIRCUIT
DIAGRAMS OF RELAY LOGIC HARDWARE.
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System.
 SCADA (Supervisory control and data acquisition) is an
industrial automation control system at the core of many
modern industries, including:
 Energy
 Food and beverage
 Manufacturing
 Oil and gas
 Power
 Recycling
 Transportation
 Water and waste water
 And many more